The Rate of Cognitive Decline in Parkinson Disease

Aarsland, Dag; Andersen, Kjeld; Larsen, Jan Petter; Perry, Robert H.; Wentzel‐Larsen, Tore; Lolk, Anette; Kragh‐Sörensen, P.

doi:10.1001/archneur.61.12.1906

Cited by 234 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…674 Cognitive impairment or hallucinations seen in patients with early PD are risk factors for the subsequent development of dementia. 668,675 Because dementia represents a major cause of disability in patients with advanced PD, and is much more common than previously appreciated, attention has focused on better characterizing PD-D. A task force was established by the Movement Disorder Society and charged with defining and developing clinical diagnostic criteria for PD-D and how to operationalize them. 676,677 One of the primary missions of this task force was to try to better define the relationship between PD-D and DLB.…”

Section: 668mentioning

confidence: 99%

The scientific and clinical basis for the treatment of Parkinson disease (2009)

Olanow¹,

Stern²,

Sethi³

2009

Neurology

747

658

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Parkinson disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder that affects as many as 1-2% of persons aged 60 years and older. With the aging of the population, the frequency of PD is expected to increase dramatically in the coming decades. Current therapy is largely based on a dopamine replacement strategy, primarily using the dopamine precursor levodopa. However, chronic treatment is associated with the development of motor complications, and the disease is inexorably progressive. Further, advancing disease is associated with the emergence of features such as freezing, falling, and dementia which are not adequately controlled with dopaminergic therapies. Indeed, it is now appreciated that these nondopaminergic features are common and the major source of disability for patients with advanced disease. Many different therapeutic agents and treatment strategies have been evaluated over the past several years to try and address these unmet medical needs, and many promising approaches are currently being tested in the laboratory and in the clinic. As a result, there are now many new therapies and strategic approaches available for the treatment of the different stages of PD, with which the treating physician must be familiar in order to provide patients with optimal care. This monograph provides an overview of the management of PD patients, with an emphasis on pathophysiology, and the results of recent clinical trials. It is intended to provide physicians with an understanding of the different treatment options that are available for managing the different stages of the disease and the scientific rationale of the different approaches. 1 PD is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, with an average age at onset of about 60 years. An estimated 5 million people throughout the world have PD, with 1 million individuals each in the United States and in Europe with the disorder. PD affects approximately 0.3% of the population and 1% to 2% of those older than 60 years.2 With the aging of the population and the substantial increase in the number of at-risk individuals older than 60 years, it is anticipated that the prevalence of PD will increase dramatically in the coming decades.

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Section: 668mentioning

confidence: 99%

The scientific and clinical basis for the treatment of Parkinson disease (2009)

Olanow¹,

Stern²,

Sethi³

2009

Neurology

747

658

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sixteen articles were rejected because: 5 were only abstracts (Antonini et al, 2006;Litvinenko et al, 2005;Menendez et al, 2007;Shin & Sohn, 2006;Stathis et al, 2006), 6 didn't report the results of the cognitive assessment or didn't assess cognition using at least one standardized cognitive measure (Blandini et al, 2001;Ebmeier et al, 1990;Kuhn et al, 1998;Muller et al, 1999;Nakaso et al, 2006;Yasui et al, 2000;) and 5 didn't assess the effects of vascular risk factors (Aarsland et al, 2004;de Lau et al, 2005;Hughes et al, 1992;Locascio et al, 2003;Papapetropoulos et al, 2006). Table 1 summarizes the study design and participant's characteristics in the 18 selected studies.…”

Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease, Vascular Risk Factors and Cognition: A Critical Review

Doiron¹,

Simard²

2012

Neurodegeneration

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“…Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the two most common diseases of this group inflicting mostly the elderly population worldwide. These devastating disorders of neuronal dysfunctions are characterized by cognitive decline, memory loss, autonomic disturbances, and motor impairment [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. By far, although a lot of theories and therapeutic targets have been identified underlying these debilitating diseases and various risk factors have been implicated in their pathogenesis, this spectrum of challenging disorders remains an enigma to the physicians and the scientists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicotherapeutic Potential of Leptin in Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease

Munshi

Khemka

Banerjee

et al. 2014

Asian Journal of Neuroscience

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Chronic neurodegenerative diseases are a group of devastating neurological disorders that result in significant morbidity and mortality in the elderly population worldwide. Recent researches have shown some interesting associations of the classical antiobesity hormone leptin with two most important neurodegenerative diseases-Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Although several clinical studies have found the procognitive and memory-enhancing role of this peptide hormone in leptin-deficient patients, surprisingly it has not been used in any clinical trials involving patients with developing or fullblown neurodegenerative conditions. This review article is an attempt to bring together the existing information about the clinical associations of leptin with AD and PD. It starts with the basic understanding of leptin action in the brain and its derangements in these diseases and eventually discusses the potential of this hormone as a neuroprotective agent in clinical scenario.

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The Rate of Cognitive Decline in Parkinson Disease

Abstract: The mean annual decline on the Mini-Mental State Examination for PD patients was 1 point. However, a marked variation was found. In patients with PD and dementia, the mean annual decline was 2.3, which was similar to the decline observed in patients with Alzheimer disease.

Cited by 234 publications

References 32 publications

The scientific and clinical basis for the treatment of Parkinson disease (2009)

The scientific and clinical basis for the treatment of Parkinson disease (2009)

Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease, Vascular Risk Factors and Cognition: A Critical Review

Clinicotherapeutic Potential of Leptin in Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease

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