The rapid transformation of triclosan in the liver reduces its effectiveness as inhibitor of hepatic energy metabolism

Pereira-Maróstica, Heloísa V.; Bracht, Lívia; Comar, Jurandir Fernando; Peralta, Rosane Marina; Bracht, Adelar; Sá‐Nakanishi, Anacharis Babeto de

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2022.115987

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The first experiments were planned to evaluate the effects of boldine on glycogen catabolism and glycolysis. For this purpose, the livers of fed rats were used, as this ensures high levels of hepatic glycogen [ 34 , 35 ]. The results are shown in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FBPase-1 activity was measured by spectrophotometric quantification of released phosphate from fructose 1,6-bisphosphate [ 28 ]. The PEPCK activity was estimated by coupling the malate dehydrogenase reaction to the PEPCK reaction [ 33 , 34 ]. The oxidation of NADH by oxaloacetate formed in the PEPCK reaction was followed spectrophotometrically at 340 nm for 5 min, and the enzyme activity was expressed as nmol NADH oxidized per minute per milligram protein.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental protocol with fructose as substrate was similar to that one already described for the experiments with lactate. Here again, the livers from fasted rats were used in order to avoid interference by International Journal of Hepatology endogenous glycogen [34,35]. Figure 3(a) illustrates the time course of the modifications induced by 200 ?M boldine infusion.…”

Section: Fructose Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glucuronidation, in turn, requires the availability of glucose to synthesize glucuronic acid. In the liver, the main source of glucuronic acid is normally glycogenolysis, but in the absence of glycogen, gluconeogenesis is the sole possible source [34,44]. In this sense, the diversion Table 1: Effects of boldine (200 μM) on the adenine mononucleotide contents of the livers from fasted rats.…”

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Inhibition of Gluconeogenesis by Boldine in the Perfused Liver: Therapeutical Implication for Glycemic Control

Silva

Souza

Pateis

et al. 2023

International Journal of Hepatology

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The alkaloid boldine occurs in the Chilean boldo tree (Peumus boldus). It acts as a free radical scavenger and controls glycemia in diabetic rats. Various mechanisms have been proposed for this effect, including inhibited glucose absorption, stimulated insulin secretion, and increased expression of genes involved in glycemic control. Direct effects on glucose synthesis and degradation were not yet measured. To fill this gap, the present study is aimed at ensuring several metabolic pathways linked to glucose metabolism (e.g., gluconeogenesis) in the isolated perfused rat liver. In order to address mechanistic issues, energy transduction in isolated mitochondria and activities of gluconeogenic key enzymes in tissue preparations were also measured. Boldine diminished mitochondrial ROS generation, with no effect on energy transduction in isolated mitochondria. It inhibited, however, at least three enzymes of the gluconeogenic pathway, namely, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fructose-bisphosphatase-1, and glucose 6-phosphatase, starting at concentrations below 50 μM. Consistently, in the perfused liver, boldine decreased lactate-, alanine-, and fructose-driven gluconeogenesis with IC 50 values of 71.9, 85.2, and 83.6 μM, respectively. Conversely, the compound also increased glycolysis from glycogen-derived glucosyl units. The hepatic ATP content was not affected by boldine. It is proposed that the direct inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis by boldine, combined with the increase of glycolysis, could be an important event behind the diminished hyperglycemia observed in boldine-treated diabetic rats.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fructose Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Inhibition of Gluconeogenesis by Boldine in the Perfused Liver: Therapeutical Implication for Glycemic Control

Silva

Souza

Pateis

et al. 2023

International Journal of Hepatology

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“…Due to their superior qualities, such as high surface area, electrochemical properties, electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and electrical conductivity, carbon nanotubes and conducting polymers have been increasingly employed in sensor applications in recent years. [19][20][21] As far as we are acquainted, the electrochemical performance of 1-NAA has only been discussed concerning carbon-based working electrodes that have been modified, such as a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) made from an acetylene black film 22 or a multiwalled carbon nanotube film 23 and a carbon paste electrode (CPE) prepared using the ionic liquid. 24 To determine 1-NAA, we combined multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with a composite of calcium-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (Ca-ZnO) on the carbon paste working electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%