The Rank(S<sub>r</sub>) scale: Its basis and its applicability as a maturity index for all coals

Suggate, R. P.

doi:10.1080/00288306.2000.9514907

Cited by 48 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In practice, the precision of individual Rank(S r ) determinations, estimated at 90.6 (Suggate 2000b), makes this impractical where the vertical interval is short. Few drillholes provide a useful interval, nominally taken as at least 200 m. Drillholes through steeply dipping strata have been avoided, but dips are coalfield as a whole (including Rapahoe Block and the western Strongman sector of the StrongmanÁDoherty Block).…”

Section: Methods Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Greymouth Coalfield, New Zealand: vertical coal rank gradients, depths of burial and palaeotemperatures

Suggate

Boyd²

2012

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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Vertical rank gradients are inferred from lateral variations of Rank(S r ) in successive coal horizons in the Paparoa Group and Brunner Coal Measures in Greymouth Coalfield. The gradients are lowest, c. 3 Rank(S r )/km, in the centre of the coalfield where the lateral rank pattern is simple. In the west, vertical gradients ranging from B4 to 8 Rank(S r )/km result from contrasting Upper Rewanui and Brunner lateral rank patterns. There, it is inferred that warm fluids migrated from more deeply buried coal measures further east and have enhanced Upper Rewanui ranks. For calculating Brunner burial depths, the high western vertical gradients are rejected and a gradient of 4.0 Rank(S r )/km is adopted, as it is also east of the Mt Davy Fault Zone where the gradient is unknown. Brunner burial depths increased from 1.8 km in the far west to 4.3 km in the Mt Davy area, and palaeotemperatures increased eastwards from 90Á958C to 150Á155 8C.

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Section: Methods Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rank(S r ) of Suggate (2000b) is an indicator of chemical rank that makes allowance for variations in coal type. The rank divisions on the Rank(S r ) charts (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greymouth Coalfield, New Zealand: vertical coal rank gradients, depths of burial and palaeotemperatures

Suggate

Boyd²

2012

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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“…The North and South Island of New Zealand are home to coals covering a broad maturity range of almost continuous maturity (R 0 : 0.25 -3.0%) from Cretaceous to Tertiary age in freshly exposed coal facies, coal mines and drill cores (Figure 1) forming the so called New Zealand Coal Band (Suggate, 2000;Killops et al, 2002;Sykes and Snowdon, 2002). Therefore, the New Zealand Coal Band provides one of the best maturity rank series in the world to examine natural maturation processes in coals.…”

Section: Sample Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel procedure to detect low molecular weight compounds released by alkaline ester cleavage from low maturity coals to assess its feedstock potential for deep microbial life

Glombitza¹,

Mangelsdorf²,

Horsfield³

2009

Organic Geochemistry

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. (2009): A novel procedure to detect low molecular weight compounds released by alkaline ester cleavage from low maturity coals to assess its feedstock potential for deep microbial life. -Organic Geochemistry, 40, 2, 175-183, DOI: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008 A novel procedure to detect low molecular weight compounds released by alkaline ester cleqavage from low mature coal to assess its feedstock potential for deep microbial life.Centre for Geosciences AbstractIn recent years the widespread occurrence of microorganisms was demonstrated in deep marine and terrestrial sediments. With this discovery inevitably the question of the potential carbon and energy sources for this deep subsurface microbial life arises. In the current study a new method for the investigation of low molecular weight (LMW) organic acids linked to the kerogen matrix is presented. These LMW organic acids form a potential feedstock for deep microbial populations. Twelve coal samples of different maturity (vitrinite reflectance (R 0 ) of 0.28 to 0.80%) from several coal mines on the North and South Island of New Zealand (NZ) were examined to assess the amount of bound LMW organic acids. Formate, acetate and oxalate were detected in significant amounts whereas the amounts of these compounds decrease with increasing maturity of the coal sample. This decrease of LMW

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“…Calorific value ranged from 18.92 MJ/kg (adb) to 34.1% (adb). Data for these coals plotted in the Suggate chart (Suggate, 2000) shows that the coal suite falls into the New Zealand coal band and ranges in rank from lignite to bituminous coal (Figure 2.2). …”

Section: Porosity In Coalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore structure changes from wood to vitrain: a casy study from New Zealand coal

Rahmat¹

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Porosity in coal plays an important role in determining sorption capacity and diffusion behaviour of a given gas. Total porosity and pore size distribution are known to change with rank and composition. Total porosity declines whereas micropore volume increases with rank. On the other hand, the variability in composition among coals makes it difficult to track the changes due to the influence of various plant precursors. This study examines pore structure changes from the original plant structure represented by wood to vitrain across a range of ranks.Samples used in this study include a coal rank suite from brown coal to medium volatile bituminous of Cretaceous age from New Zealand. Porosity evolution during coalification was assessed using vitrain bands isolated from these coals which is derived from the genus Lagarostrobos. Previous palynological studies suggest that the precursor wood is related to the modern Huon pine (Lagarostrobos franklinii). Therefore, a wood sample of this species from Tasmania was also analysed. The methods used in this study were optical microscopy, low pressure gas adsorption using nitrogen and carbon dioxide at 77 K (-196.15 0 C) and 273 K (0 0 C) respectively, high pressure adsorption isotherms using carbon dioxide and methane at 32 0 C, and small/ultra-small angle neutron scattering (SANS/USANS).Petrographic analysis shows that the vitrain suite has a vitrinite content ranging from 79 % to 100 %, telinite in particular, ranging from 13.3% to 84.7% mmf, with random vitrinite reflectance ranging from 0.39 % to 1.49%. Qualitative comparison of wood microstructure and cell diameter in the Huon pine sample and that revealed in the vitrain samples by etching, shows a similar simple cell structure (bordered pits, unicellular rays). Based on an average cell diameter of 20 µm, compaction estimates ranged from 9:1 to 4:1, except for samples that did not appear woody (i.e. they were attrital and derived from herbaceous plants), or were heat affected, and tectonically deformed. This supports the assumption that most vitrain samples in this study have a Huon pine like precursor plant.Results from low pressure adsorption, using nitrogen, shows that the percentage of cumulative pore volume of micropores (those less than 20Å), from wood to vitrain increases with rank. The increase in micropore volume percentage rose significantly and peaked at sub-bituminous rank (Rr= 0.6%); thereafter it decreased exponentially with rank to medium volatile bituminous rank (Rr=0.9%). There is also an inverse correspondence between a ii decrease in percentage of cumulative macropores (pores larger than 500 Å) volume, at subbituminous rank (Rr=0.6%), that increases with increasing rank. Mesopores show a similar trend to micropores with a peak exception at 0.90% Rr. The total cumulative pore volume of micro-, meso-and macropore sizes show a good relationship with telinite maceral content.The result suggests that the changes in pore structure of the vitrain suite of samples, is more affected by vitrain compos...

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The Rank(S_r) scale: Its basis and its applicability as a maturity index for all coals

Cited by 48 publications

References 23 publications

Greymouth Coalfield, New Zealand: vertical coal rank gradients, depths of burial and palaeotemperatures

Greymouth Coalfield, New Zealand: vertical coal rank gradients, depths of burial and palaeotemperatures

A novel procedure to detect low molecular weight compounds released by alkaline ester cleavage from low maturity coals to assess its feedstock potential for deep microbial life

Pore structure changes from wood to vitrain: a casy study from New Zealand coal

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The Rank(Sr) scale: Its basis and its applicability as a maturity index for all coals

Cited by 48 publications

References 23 publications

Greymouth Coalfield, New Zealand: vertical coal rank gradients, depths of burial and palaeotemperatures

Greymouth Coalfield, New Zealand: vertical coal rank gradients, depths of burial and palaeotemperatures

A novel procedure to detect low molecular weight compounds released by alkaline ester cleavage from low maturity coals to assess its feedstock potential for deep microbial life

Pore structure changes from wood to vitrain: a casy study from New Zealand coal

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The Rank(S_r) scale: Its basis and its applicability as a maturity index for all coals