The range of the golden-mantle tamarin, Saguinus tripartitus (Milne Edwards, 1878): distributions and sympatry of four tamarin species in Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru

Abstract

A detailed understanding of the range of the golden-mantle tamarin, Saguinus tripartitus (Milne Edwards, 1878), in Amazonian Peru and Ecuador is of particular relevance, not only because it is poorly known but also because it was on the basis of its supposed sympatry with the saddleback tamarin (S. fuscicollis lagonotus) that Thorington (Am J Primatol 15:367–371, 1988) argued that it is a distinct species rather than a saddleback tamarin subspecies, as was believed by Hershkovitz (Living new world monkeys, vol I. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1977). A number of surveys have been carried out since 1988 in the supposed range of S. tripartitus, in both Ecuador and Peru. Here we summarize and discuss these issues and provide a new suggestion for the geographic range of this species; that is, between the ríos Napo and Curaray in Peru and extending east into Ecuador. We also review current evidence for the distributions of Spix’s black-mantle tamarin (S. nigricollis nigricollis), Graells’ black-mantle tamarin (S. n. graellsi), and the saddleback tamarin (S. fuscicollis lagonotus), which are also poorly known, and examine the evidence regarding sympatry between them. We conclude that despite the existence of a number of specimens with collecting localities that indicate overlap in their geographic ranges, the fact that the four tamarin species are of similar size and undoubtedly very similar in their feeding habits militates strongly against the occurrence of sympatry among them.

Mitochondrial phylogeny of tamarins (Saguinus, Hoffmannsegg 1807) with taxonomic and biogeographic implications for theS. nigricollisspecies group

“…lagonotus on the right bank of the Rio Napo. However, neither Aquino and Encarnación (1994) nor Heymann et al (2002) found evidence for a sympatric occurrence of both taxa and the Rio Curaray might be a natural border between them (Heymann et al,2002; Rylands et al,in press). Moreover, it was assumed that only tamarin taxa are able to live sympatrically, which differ sufficiently in body‐size and ecology, which is not the case between the taxa of the S. nigricollis group (Heymann,1997; Heymann and Buchanan‐Smith,2000).…”

Diversidad y conservación de los mamíferos mayores de Loreto, Perú

“…Maynas.-9: Matauschek 2010, Rylands et al 201110: Pérez-Peña et al 2019;11: Aquino y Encarnación 1996;12: Pérez-Peña et al 2019;13: Aquino y Encarnación 1996;16: Aquino et al 2005b;19: Aquino et al 2014a;22: Aquino et al 2005b;25: Matauschek 2010;26: Aquino y Encarnación 1996;27: Aquino y Encarnación 1996;28: Aquino y Encarnación 199630: Aquino y Encarnación 1996;34: Aquino y Encarnación 1996;35: Heymann et al 2002;36: Aquino y Encarnación 1996;38: AMNH 72091-100, AMNH 72133-7;39 198: Puertas et al 1995;206: Heymann 1990a. Maynas.-91: MUSM 184496: Voss y Fleck 2011;109: Glander et al 1984, Voss y Fleck 2011110: Glander et al 1984;118: Heymann1990b, Nickle y Heymann 1996168: Heymann y Aquino 1994;180: Heymann 1995, Matauschek 2010, Nadjafzadeh y Heymann 2008, Nickle y Heymann 1996.…”

On the identity of the tamarin AMNH 98303 (“<i>Saguinus fuscicollis tripartitus</i>”; Primates: Haplorrhini: Simiiformes: Platyrrhini: Callitrichidae)

“…Considered by Hershkovitz (1977) as a subspecies, Thorington (1988) elevated S. fuscicollis tripartitus to species rank, Saguinus tripartitus, based on an alleged sympatry with Saguinus fuscicollis lagonotus. Evidence for this sympatry is, however, absent or at best very weak (reviewed in Rylands et al, 2011). In 2000, I indicated that the lack of evidence for sympatry between the two tamarins meant that tripartitus should be downgraded to a subspecies or that the 13 of the 14 subspecies of S. fuscicollis of Hershkovitz (1977) consid-ered valid at the time be considered species 1 .…”