The radiology of bone changes in rhabdomyosarcoma

Simmons, M.; Tucker, A.K.

doi:10.1016/s0009-9260(78)80163-9

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…One study by Simmons et al looked for radiologic features specific to BM metastases from RMS but found no specific diagnostic features. They did note, however, that most deposits were ill-defined lytic lesions with two cases having mixed sclerotic and lytic deposits resulting in an appearance similar to lymphoma [ 20 ]. Differentials that must be considered for these atypical cases include non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemic infiltration, histiocytosis, metastatic neuroblastoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, and other deposits such as from retinoblastoma [ 4 , 15 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They did note, however, that most deposits were ill-defined lytic lesions with two cases having mixed sclerotic and lytic deposits resulting in an appearance similar to lymphoma [ 20 ]. Differentials that must be considered for these atypical cases include non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemic infiltration, histiocytosis, metastatic neuroblastoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, and other deposits such as from retinoblastoma [ 4 , 15 , 20 ]. One diagnostic technique that helps differentiate these tumors is immunohistochemical staining with the most notable marker in differentiating RMS being desmin [ 5 , 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rhabdomyosarcoma With Diffuse Bone Marrow Metastases

Watal¹,

Drehner²,

Dhar³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Rhabdomyosarcoma is a highly aggressive cancer that is generally considered a disease of childhood. A vast majority of cases occur in those below the age of 20. Rhabdomyosarcoma can occur in any soft tissue in the body but is primarily found in the head, neck, orbit, genitourinary tract, genitals, and extremities. Prognosis is closely tied to the location of the primary tumor and the extent of metastatic spread. As with most sarcomas, rhabdomyosarcoma has a pattern of hematogenous spread which favors metastasis to the lungs. Other common areas include bone marrows, liver, breasts, and brain. One unusual pattern is the presence of diffuse bone marrow metastases in absence of significant soft tissue disease other than primary (no distant nodal disease, absence of visceral disease in chest and abdomen). Frequently in such cases, patients may have initial presentation similar to hematologic malignancy especially when the primary tumor is not evident. This pattern has been rarely described in the radiology literature. This pattern appears to be well documented in pathology literature. Even more rarely, in some cases, the primary tumor site may not be found after imaging and may remain undetermined even postmortem -only diagnosed by bone marrow aspiration. Awareness of this unique pattern is clearly important for radiologists, especially pediatric radiologists, as misdiagnosis can lead to delay in appropriate treatment that ultimately results in increased mortality. We present a case of rhabdomyosarcoma with this unique pattern of bone marrow metastases in which initial differential diagnosis favored a leukemic picture. This paper will go over the diagnostic techniques utilized throughout our patient's disease course as well as treatment.

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