The Radiological Consequences of Radionuclide’s Discharge in Water Environment at Afloat Storage of Utilized Submarines Reactor Compartments

Blekher, A.J.; Kuchin, N. L.; Сергеев, И. В.

doi:10.1007/1-4020-4649-9_17

Radiation and Environmental Safety in North-West Russia

DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-4649-9_17

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The Radiological Consequences of Radionuclide’s Discharge in Water Environment at Afloat Storage of Utilized Submarines Reactor Compartments

A.J. Blekher¹,

N. L. Kuchin

И. В. Сергеев

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“…For a holding time of 5 yr or longer, the determining radionuclides on the surface of the first loop remain 137 Cs and 60 Co in the approximate proportion 8:1 for second-generation submarines. The content of all other radionuclides remains several percent [8]. The most likely amount of transuranium elements on the first-loop surface is estimated to be 4·10 10 Bq, though the variance is very large.…”

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Radiation consequences of seawater contamination during floating storage of reactor-compartment units from salvaged nuclear-powered submarines

Blekher¹,

Kuchin

Сергеев

2004

At Energy

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The storage time before salvaging of decommissioned nuclear-powered submarines and the floating storage time of reactor units from salvaged submarines can total decades. During this time, radioactive contamination of seawater occurs as a result of the corrosion of the pressure hull in the region of the reactor system and rupturing of the pressure hull -as a result of corrosion of the components of the reactor system. A computational analysis shows that under standard storage conditions the specific activity of water is 10 5 -10 6 times lower than the intervention level. In the case when the hull and the reactor system are destroyed even with remaining fuel, the specific activity of the sea water near the point of sinking also does not exceed the intervention level because of the slow emission of fission products and transuranium nuclides.Floating storage of decommissioned submarines and cut-out reactor compartments, especially with remaining nuclear fuel, can create a radioecological hazard. After decommissioning, more than 90% of in-reactor structures of a reactor system and vessel structures of submarines (neglecting spent fuel) are radioactively contaminated [1][2][3]. The radioactivity of the reactor vessel and the caisson in which it is placed does not exceed 10%, and the radioactivity of the metal of the pressure hull is about 0.01%. Therefore, after the fuel is removed the main possible source of radionuclides entering the environment from the decommissioned submarines is corrosion of activated equipment from the reactor system. An additional source of emissions could be the products of fission and corrosion in the surface deposits of the first loop, the remaining coolant, and the sorbent filters which have not been removed.The following basic processes determine the passage of radionuclides from a bound state into seawater: • corrosion of the submarine's pressure hull near the reactor system, where the largest quantity of activation nuclides is located; the radionuclide emission can reach (3-5)·10 5 Bq/h;• corrosion of the components of the reactor system and solid radioactive wastes, additionally loaded into the reactor compartment, during accidental rupture of the pressure hull and entry of seawater; sinking of the compartments which are in floating storage is not ruled out in this situation, and the emission of radionuclides can reach 10 8 Bq/h;

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Radiation consequences of seawater contamination during floating storage of reactor-compartment units from salvaged nuclear-powered submarines

Blekher¹,

Kuchin

Сергеев

2004

At Energy

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The Radiological Consequences of Radionuclide’s Discharge in Water Environment at Afloat Storage of Utilized Submarines Reactor Compartments

Cited by 1 publication

References 1 publication

Radiation consequences of seawater contamination during floating storage of reactor-compartment units from salvaged nuclear-powered submarines

Radiation consequences of seawater contamination during floating storage of reactor-compartment units from salvaged nuclear-powered submarines

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