The radiation of the clownfishes has two geographical replicates

Litsios, Glenn; Pearman, Peter B.; Lanterbecq, Déborah; Tolou, Nathalie; Salamin, Nicolas

doi:10.1111/jbi.12370

Cited by 64 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Using phylogenies to disentangle the biogeographical histories of species is a complex task (Heads, ), and estimating the internal nodes of the phylogenies generated here proved difficult. Despite this, the analyses indicated that most of the models selected (7/9 analysis) included a founder‐event, which have been shown to be of prime importance in other island systems (Matzke, ; see Litsios, Pearman, Lanterbecq, Tolou, & Salamin, ; Pinheiro et al., and Wainwright et al., for examples). Overall, our biogeographical analyses show that dispersal and founder‐event speciation played a major role in the colonization of Rapa Nui.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the origin of the most isolated endemic reef fish fauna of the Indo‐Pacific: Coral reef fishes of Rapa Nui

Delrieu‐Trottin

Brosseau‐Acquaviva

Mona

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim To understand the origin of the most isolated endemic fish fauna of the Indo‐Pacific, Easter Island (Rapa Nui), and to infer divergence times and colonization routes of the endemic coral reef fish fauna from their closest relatives. Location Easter Island, Pacific Ocean. Methods Samples of ten species were used: six small‐range species endemic to Rapa Nui and Motu Motiro Hiva (Salas y Gómez) (i.e. small‐range endemic species) and four large‐range species endemic to the southern subtropical Pacific (i.e. large‐range endemic species). We present phylogenetic reconstruction results based on mitochondrial (1 to 5) and nuclear (1 to 6) loci to place these endemic species in their respective family phylogenies (8). Using these newly calibrated phylogenetic trees, information of species distributions and geological data, we inferred the divergence times from the closest relatives of these ten endemic fishes, compared biogeographical history estimation models to reconstruct their ancestral geographic ranges, colonization routes and underlying mechanisms of speciation. Results The divergence times (i.e. divergence times from the closest relatives) of all of the small‐range endemics studied were more recent than the age of Rapa Nui and Motu Motiro Hiva; thus, these species can be considered as neoendemics. Biogeographical history estimation models indicated that speciation following a founder‐event is the most likely scenario. In contrast, the divergence estimates of the large‐range endemic species were highly variable. This being said, the divergence times of all species were more recent than the age of the oldest islands within their distributions. Main conclusions Taken together, these results demonstrate that Rapa Nui acts as a cradle of coral reef biodiversity, being responsible for the emergence of small‐range endemic fish species, but also a route of dispersion for several large‐range endemics and as a stepping stone in the diversification of the Myripristis and Pseudolabrus genera. While no common divergence time was recovered for all of the ten endemic species studied here, the common mechanism of speciation following a founder event was recovered for most of the small‐range endemic species.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the origin of the most isolated endemic reef fish fauna of the Indo‐Pacific: Coral reef fishes of Rapa Nui

Delrieu‐Trottin

Brosseau‐Acquaviva

Mona

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This coincides with our results, however, the lack of samples of A. akallopisos from the Maldives leaves the question open as to whether these two lineages of A. akallopisos meet at the Maldives as seems to be the case for the three anemone species in this study. Third, it has been shown that populations of the only anemonefish species present in Moorea (French Polynesia), Amphiprion chrysopterus , appear to be clearly different from populations elsewhere (Litsios, Pearman, Lanterbecq, Tolou, & Salamin, ). This coincides with our finding that the population of H. magnifica from Moorea is highly divergent from other H. magnifica populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative phylogeography of three host sea anemones in the Indo‐Pacific

Emms

Saenz‐Agudelo

Giles

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim The mutualistic relationship between anemones and anemonefishes is one of the most iconic examples of symbiosis. However, while anemonefishes have been extensively studied in terms of genetic connectivity, such information is lacking entirely for host sea anemones. Here, we provide the first information on the broad‐scale population structure and phylogeographical patterns of three species of host sea anemone, Heteractis magnifica, Stichodactyla mertensii and Entacmaea quadricolor. We evaluate if there is concordance in genetic structure across several distinct biogeographical areas within the Indo‐Pacific region and to what extent the observed patterns may concur with those found for anemonefishes. Location Indo‐Pacific, including the Red Sea. Taxon Heteractis magnifica, S. mertensii and E. quadricolor Methods Microsatellite markers and a combination of statistical methods including Bayesian clustering, isolation by distance (IBD), analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were used to determine population structure. The congruence among distance matrices (CADM) method was used to assess similarity in spatial genetic patterns among species. Results Significant population structure was identified in the three host anemone species. Each species is likely composed of at least two genetic clusters corresponding to two biogeographical regions, the Red Sea and the rest of the Indo‐Pacific. Two of the three anemone species seem to be experiencing admixture where the two main clusters overlap (the Maldives). IBD analyses in the Red Sea revealed differences in gene flow among species, suggesting more limited dispersal potential for E. quadricolor than for S. mertensii and H. magnifica. Clonality is documented in S. mertensii for the first time. Main conclusions This research documents the genetic population structure for three ecologically important host sea anemones across the Indo‐Pacific and provides valuable insights regarding their biogeography and evolution. Specifically, we found high levels of genetic divergence between populations across different biogeographical regions, suggesting different evolutionary lineages within species. At the same time, common geographical overlap of population structures suggests similar evolutionary histories among all three species. Interestingly, the observed patterns are congruent to some extent with structure reported for several anemonefish species, reflecting their close ecological association.

show abstract

“…We take advantage of an existing phylogeny of the clownfishes [21]. The dataset includes samples of 41 individuals representing 27 species of clownfish.…”

Section: Materials and Methods (A) Phylogenetic Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host specialist clownfishes are environmental niche generalists

2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Why generalist and specialist species coexist in nature is a question that has interested evolutionary biologists for a long time. While the coexistence of specialists and generalists exploiting resources on a single ecological dimension has been theoretically and empirically explored, biological systems with multiple resource dimensions (e.g. trophic, ecological) are less well understood. Yet, such systems may provide an alternative to the classical theory of stable evolutionary coexistence of generalist and specialist species on a single resource dimension. We explore such systems and the potential tradeoffs between different resource dimensions in clownfishes. All species of this iconic clade are obligate mutualists with sea anemones yet show interspecific variation in anemone host specificity. Moreover, clownfishes developed variable environmental specialization across their distribution. In this study, we test for the existence of a relationship between host-specificity (number of anemones associated with a clownfish species) and environmental-specificity (expressed as the size of the ecological niche breadth across climatic gradients). We find a negative correlation between host range and environmental specificities in temperature, salinity and pH, probably indicating a trade-off between both types of specialization forcing species to specialize only in a single direction. Trade-offs in a multi-dimensional resource space could be a novel way of explaining the coexistence of generalist and specialists.

show abstract

The radiation of the clownfishes has two geographical replicates

Cited by 64 publications

References 46 publications

Understanding the origin of the most isolated endemic reef fish fauna of the Indo‐Pacific: Coral reef fishes of Rapa Nui

Understanding the origin of the most isolated endemic reef fish fauna of the Indo‐Pacific: Coral reef fishes of Rapa Nui

Comparative phylogeography of three host sea anemones in the Indo‐Pacific

Host specialist clownfishes are environmental niche generalists

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About