The Radiation Balance of the Planet Earth from Radiation Measurements of the Satellite Nimbus II

Raschke, E.; Bandeen, W. R.

doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1970)009<0215:trbotp>2.0.co;2

Cited by 54 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Raschke and Bandeen (1970) present the first indications of OLR diurnal cycle characteristics using noonminus-midnight differences, identifying large OLR diurnal cycles over land in desert and convective regions. Short and Wallace (1980) also used day-night differences to investigate diurnal variations in cloudiness, demonstrating early morning peaks in both high and low clouds over convective and marine stratocumulus (MSc) regions, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initial interest in the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) diurnal cycle stemmed from attempts to determine the Earth energy budget from sun-synchronous satellite measurements (Raschke and Bandeen 1970). Raschke and Bandeen (1970) present the first indications of OLR diurnal cycle characteristics using noonminus-midnight differences, identifying large OLR diurnal cycles over land in desert and convective regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tropical Outgoing Longwave Radiation and Longwave Cloud Forcing Diurnal Cycles from CERES

Taylor

2012

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The diurnal cycle is a fundamental earth system variability driven by daily variations in solar insolation. Understanding diurnal variability is important for characterizing top-of-atmosphere and surface energy budgets. Climatological and seasonal first diurnal cycle harmonics of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and longwave cloud forcing (LWCF) are investigated using the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) synoptic 3-hourly data. A comparison with previous studies indicates generally similar results. However, the results indicate that the CERES OLR diurnal cycle amplitudes are 10%-20% larger in desert regions than previous analyses. This difference results from the temporal interpolation technique overestimating the daily maximum OLR. OLR diurnal cycle amplitudes in other tropical regions agree with previous work. Results show that the diurnal maximum and minimum OLR variability contributes equally to the total OLR variance over ocean; however, over land the diurnal maximum OLR variance contributes at least 50% more to the total OLR variability than the minimum OLR. The differences in maximum and minimum daily OLR variability are largely due to differences in surface temperature standard deviations at these times, about 5-6 and 3-4 K, respectively. The OLR variance at diurnal maximum and minimum is also influenced by negative and positive correlations, respectively, between LWCF and clear-sky OLR. The anticorrelation between LWCF and clear-sky OLR at diurnal OLR maximum indicates smaller cloud fractions at warmer surface temperatures. The relationship between LWCF and clear-sky OLR at diurnal minimum OLR appears to result from a preference for deep convection, more high clouds, and larger LWCF values to occur with warmer surface temperatures driving a narrower diurnal minimum OLR distribution.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Outgoing Longwave Radiation and Longwave Cloud Forcing Diurnal Cycles from CERES

Taylor

2012

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The diurnal cycle contributes significantly to variability in many geophysical variables including clouds, temperature, radiation, and precipitation (e.g., Gray and Jacobson 1977;Minnis and Harrison 1984;Hartmann and Recker 1986;Harrison et al 1988;Yang and Slingo 2001;Taylor 2012) and influences many geophysical processes (e.g., cloud formation, surface turbulence, and surface evaporation rates; Caldwell et al 2005;Strong et al 2005). Understanding and characterizing diurnal cycle features is critical for both Earth system modeling (Bechtold et al 2004;Del Genio and Wu 2010) and placing satellite observations of Earth into proper context (Raschke and Bandeen 1970;Short and Wallace 1980;Loeb et al 2009;Taylor and Loeb 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the diurnal cycle is stronger over land than ocean (e.g., Raschke and Bandeen 1970;Harrison et al 1988). The strongest surface temperature diurnal cycles on Earth are found in subtropical deserts (e.g., Atacama Desert) and drive significant diurnal cycle Denotes Open Access content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Monthly Diurnal Cycle Composites of TOA Radiative Fluxes in the Tropics

Taylor

2013

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Earth system variability is generated by a number of different sources and time scales. Understanding sources of atmospheric variability is critical to reducing the uncertainty in climate models and to understanding the impacts of sampling on observational datasets. The diurnal cycle is a fundamental variability evident in many geophysical variables-including top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) radiative fluxes. This study considers aspects of the TOA flux diurnal cycle not previously analyzed: namely, deseasonalized variations in the monthly diurnal cycle composites, termed monthly diurnal cycle variability. Significant variability in the monthly diurnal cycle composites is found in both outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and reflected shortwave (RSW). OLR and RSW monthly diurnal cycle variability exhibits a regional structure that follows traditional, climatological diurnal cycle categorization by prevailing cloud and surface types. The results attribute monthly TOA flux diurnal cycle variability to variations in the diurnal cloud evolution, which is sensitive to monthly atmospheric dynamic-and thermodynamic-state anomalies. The results also suggest that monthly diurnal cycle variability can amplify or buffer monthly TOA flux anomalies, depending on the region. Considering the impact of monthly diurnal cycle variability on monthly TOA flux anomalies, the results suggest that monthly TOA flux diurnal cycle variability must be considered when constructing a TOA flux dataset from sun-synchronous orbit. The magnitude of monthly diurnal composite variability in OLR and RSW is regionally dependent-1-7 W m 22 and 10%-80% relative to interannual TOA flux variability. The largest (4-7 W m 22 ; 40%-80%) and smallest (1-3 W m 22 ; 10%-30%) TOA flux uncertainties occur in convective and nonconvective regions, respectively, over both land and ocean.

show abstract

“…So far, satellite observations of the global radiation budget have been carried out by Raschke andBandeen (1970), Vonder Haar andSuomi (1971), and more recently by Smith et al (1977), Taylor and Stowe (1984), Jacobowitz et al (1984), and so on. At present, however, a method to derive I* from satellite data is not yet available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of Radiation Absorbed in the Ocean to Atmospheric and Oceanic Parameters in the Short Wavelength Region

Masuda¹,

Takashima²

1988

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To develop a monitoring technique estimating the shortwave radiation absorbed in the ocean (I*,) from space, sensitivities of I*, and the upward irradiance at the top of the atmosphere (I*) to atmospheric and oceanic parameters are investigated in a model atmosphere-ocean system. These irradiances are computed using the doubling-adding method in the wavelength region ranging from 0.285*m to 5.0*m for the atmosphere-ocean model in the mid-latitude summer. Under no cloudiness, oceanic type aerosols are considered with their size distribution represented by the log-normal distribution. The ocean surface is simulated by many facets whose slopes are changed according to an isotropic Gaussian distribution with respect to the surface wind speed. The effect of whitecaps is also included in the model. Two types of hydrosols are considered: the one engages in of pure scattering and the other includes partial absorption. The present simulation tells us that

show abstract

The Radiation Balance of the Planet Earth from Radiation Measurements of the Satellite Nimbus II

Cited by 54 publications

References 0 publications

Tropical Outgoing Longwave Radiation and Longwave Cloud Forcing Diurnal Cycles from CERES

Tropical Outgoing Longwave Radiation and Longwave Cloud Forcing Diurnal Cycles from CERES

Variability of Monthly Diurnal Cycle Composites of TOA Radiative Fluxes in the Tropics

Sensitivity of Radiation Absorbed in the Ocean to Atmospheric and Oceanic Parameters in the Short Wavelength Region

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About