The quantitative genetic basis of clinal divergence in phenotypic plasticity

Heerwaarden, Belinda Van; Sgrò, Carla M.

doi:10.1111/evo.13342

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 104 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For each CGE, variable importance to population phenotypic divergence ( v i ) is calculated by summing Akaike weights of all models in which the CGE occurs. CGEs with v i scores greater than 0.5 are the most likely contributors to trait divergence between populations (for further details of the methodology, see Blackmon and Demuth ; van Heerwaarden and Sgrò ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the relative contributions of the X chromosome, autosomes, and mitochondrial genome to local adaptation*

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During local adaptation with gene flow, some regions of the genome are inherently more responsive to selection than others. Recent theory predicts that X‐linked genes should disproportionately contribute to local adaptation relative to other genomic regions, yet this prediction remains to be tested. We carried out a multigeneration crossing scheme, using two cline‐end populations of Drosophila melanogaster, to estimate the relative contributions of the X chromosome, autosomes, and mitochondrial genome to divergence in four traits involved in local adaptation (wing size, resistance to heat, desiccation, and starvation stresses). We found that the mitochondrial genome and autosomes contributed significantly to clinal divergence in three of the four traits. In contrast, the X made no significant contribution to divergence in these traits. Given the small size of the mitochondrial genome, our results indicate that it plays a surprisingly large role in clinal adaptation. In contrast, the X, which represents roughly 20% of the Drosophila genome, contributes negligibly—a pattern that conflicts with theoretical predictions. These patterns reinforce recent work implying a central role of mitochondria in climatic adaptation, and suggest that different genomic regions may play fundamentally different roles in processes of divergence with gene flow.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the relative contributions of the X chromosome, autosomes, and mitochondrial genome to local adaptation*

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…; Clemson et al. ; Mathur and Schmidt ; van Heerwaarden and Sgrò ). For example, D. melanogaster feeds and breeds on various kinds of rotting fruit, with the protein:carbohydrate (P:C) ratios exhibiting spatiotemporal variation (Lachaise et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the interplay between thermal plasticity and adaptation is incompletely understood (e.g., de Jong and Bochdanovits ; Overgaard et al. ; Mathur and Schmidt ; van Heerwaarden and Sgrò ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A clinal polymorphism in the insulin signaling transcription factorfoxocontributes to life‐history adaptation inDrosophila*

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A fundamental aim of adaptation genomics is to identify polymorphisms that underpin variation in fitness traits. In Drosophila melanogaster, latitudinal life‐history clines exist on multiple continents and make an excellent system for dissecting the genetics of adaptation. We have previously identified numerous clinal single‐nucleotide polymorphism in insulin/insulin‐like growth factor signaling (IIS), a pathway known from mutant studies to affect life history. However, the effects of natural variants in this pathway remain poorly understood. Here we investigate how two clinal alternative alleles at foxo, a transcriptional effector of IIS, affect fitness components (viability, size, starvation resistance, fat content). We assessed this polymorphism from the North American cline by reconstituting outbred populations, fixed for either the low‐ or high‐latitude allele, from inbred DGRP lines. Because diet and temperature modulate IIS, we phenotyped alleles across two temperatures (18°C, 25°C) and two diets differing in sugar source and content. Consistent with clinal expectations, the high‐latitude allele conferred larger body size and reduced wing loading. Alleles also differed in starvation resistance and expression of insulin‐like receptor, a transcriptional target of FOXO. Allelic reaction norms were mostly parallel, with few GxE interactions. Together, our results suggest that variation in IIS makes a major contribution to clinal life‐history adaptation.

show abstract

“…Studies assessing adaptive divergence and the mechanisms of phenotypic divergence are most commonly conducted across large spatial (Belinda & Sgrò, 2017; and environmental (Belinda & Sgrò, 2017;Wilson, Peters, & McCracken, 2012) scales, where populations are expected to be under some degree of natural selection or dispersal limitation. Such large-scale studies clearly indicate that natural selection across environmentally heterogeneous landscapes, often with nonrandom dispersal, facilitates phenotypic divergence, whereas local processes are often less considered (reviewed in Richardson, Urban, Bolnick, & Skelly, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drift versus selection as drivers of phenotypic divergence at small spatial scales: The case of Belgjarskógur threespine stickleback

Seymour

Räsänen

Kristjánsson

2019

Ecology and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Divergence in phenotypic traits is facilitated by a combination of natural selection, phenotypic plasticity, gene flow, and genetic drift, whereby the role of drift is expected to be particularly important in small and isolated populations. Separating the components of phenotypic divergence is notoriously difficult, particularly for multivariate phenotypes. Here, we assessed phenotypic divergence of threespine stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) across 19 semi‐interconnected ponds within a small geographic region (~7.5 km 2 ) using comparisons of multivariate phenotypic divergence (PST), neutral genetic (FST), and environmental (EST) variation. We found phenotypic divergence across the ponds in a suite of functionally relevant phenotypic traits, including feeding, defense, and swimming traits, and body shape (geometric morphometric). Comparisons of PSTs with FSTs suggest that phenotypic divergence is predominantly driven by neutral processes or stabilizing selection, whereas phenotypic divergence in defensive traits is in accordance with divergent selection. Comparisons of population pairwise PSTs with ESTs suggest that phenotypic divergence in swimming traits is correlated with prey availability, whereas there were no clear associations between phenotypic divergence and environmental difference in the other phenotypic groups. Overall, our results suggest that phenotypic divergence of these small populations at small geographic scales is largely driven by neutral processes (gene flow, drift), although environmental determinants (natural selection or phenotypic plasticity) may play a role.

show abstract

The quantitative genetic basis of clinal divergence in phenotypic plasticity

Cited by 16 publications

References 104 publications

Quantifying the relative contributions of the X chromosome, autosomes, and mitochondrial genome to local adaptation*

Quantifying the relative contributions of the X chromosome, autosomes, and mitochondrial genome to local adaptation*

A clinal polymorphism in the insulin signaling transcription factorfoxocontributes to life‐history adaptation inDrosophila*

Drift versus selection as drivers of phenotypic divergence at small spatial scales: The case of Belgjarskógur threespine stickleback

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About