The Quality of Frozen Friesian Holstein Semen after Long-Term Storage

Abstract

Semen cryopreservation is the long-term storage at very low temperatures in liquid nitrogen for future use. This study investigates the quality of frozen Friesian Holstein (FH) semen after long-term storage. Samples of FH semen stored for 25, 20, 15, 10, 5, and 1 years were collected from one of the national centers for artificial inseminations. Frozen semen was stored in containers with liquid nitrogen at -196 ᵒC in a room with a temperature of 20 ᵒC The variables used after thawing were sperm motility, viability, and abnormalities, as well as plasma membrane integrity (IPM) using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), eosin-nigrosine staining, and hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) test, respectively. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and expressed as mean ± SEM. The result showed no significant differences in sperm viability, abnormalities, and IPM. Furthermore, sperm motility was >40%, consistent with the Indonesian standard for frozen bovine semen. CASA analysis showed that all variables of the motility pattern have no significant difference, except linearity (LIN). The Lin of sperm was lower in frozen semen after one and five years than after 20 and 25 years of storage. The overall quality of semen after 25, 20, 15, 10, 5, and 1 years of storage met the standard and was suitable for artificial insemination.

Identification of heat shock protein70-2 and protamine-1 mRNA, proteins, and analyses of their association with fertility using frozen-thawed sperm in Madura bulls

“…Thus, there were no significant factors during the production and storage phases, that could potentially negatively influence the quality of the frozen-thawed semen, and that both national AICs manage bulls, freezing, and container systems adequately. Bahmid et al [ 17 ] claimed that frozen semen samples that had been preserved for 25 years, met the Indonesian national standard for AI. Sperm motility was also found to be positively correlated with the fertility rate in this study (p<0.01).…”

The Quality of Cryopreserved Dairy Bulls Semen along Supply-Chain Used for Artificial Insemination in Tanzania

“…Briefly, the deep-frozen semen straws were first retrieved from a -196 °C LN2 container, immediately wiped with a paper towel, and placed in a thawing water bath (37 °C) for 30 seconds. Thawed semen was analyzed for sperm viability according to [24]. Spermatozoa kinetics (total and progressive motility, and straight-line velocity), mucus penetration, and hyperactivity were evaluated by using a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system [25].…”