The Quality and Productivity of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) Improved by the Inoculation of PGPR Bacillus velezensis BS89 in Field Experiments

Abstract

Efficient plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) used as biofertilizers and biological control agents are promising substitutes for minimizing the application of synthetic agrochemicals in crop production. We studied the effect of PGPR strain Bacillus velezensis BS89 alone and in combination with three forms of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate, carbamide, and ammonium sulfate) on the productivity of two strawberry varieties in three-year field experiments. We first showed that the application of PGPR Bacillus velezensis BS89 on strawberries demonstrated the same effect as the application of nitrogen fertilizers. Use of the strain BS89 increased the chlorophyll content in plant leaves by 2.7–6.8%, and also increased the yield of berries by 6.7–36.4% for cv. Rusich and 7.5–19.3% for cv. Troitskaya depending on the form of nitrogen fertilizer. The best results in the yield of strawberry plants of the cv. Rusich were achieved in the variant BS89 + ammonium nitrate (41.9–57.4%), and the cv. Troitskaya—in the BS89 + carbamide variant (8.1–38.8%). Three-year use of strain BS89 for cv. Rusich resulted in an increase of runner’s weight by 212.1%, and also the weight of the roots by 120%, thereby significantly improving the mineral nutrition of plants. This is mainly associated with the plant growth-promoting activity of Bacillus velezensis BS89, which was able to produce a high amount of IAA—494.1 µg/mL. We believe that the PGPR strain BS89 can be successfully used for growing strawberries. However, each variety requires careful selection of the composition of nitrogen fertilizers and analysis of the compatibility of fertilizers and the PGPR strain.

Phytohormone Production by the Endophyte Bacillus safensis TS3 Increases Plant Yield and Alleviates Salt Stress

“…Halophytic plants are the best model for the isolation of bacterial endophytes helping with the elimination of excess salt concentrations [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Many bacteria of the genus Bacillus are able to stimulate plant growth and provide protection under biotic and abiotic stresses [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ].…”

“…Bacillus safensis TS3 was cultured in liquid potato-dextrose broth (PDB, Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) for 4 days at 28 °C in 500 mL flasks placed in a rotary shaker (180 rpm). The concentrations of indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), trans-Zeatin (tZ), and abscisic acid (ABA) in the bacterial suspension were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (Agilent 1200, Santa Clara, CA, USA) with a mass-selective detector Varian 920-LC system as described in [ 49 ].…”

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 11B91 inoculation enhances the growth of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under salt stress

“…The content of chlorophyll a and b in quinoa seedlings inoculated with 11B91 was higher than that of quinoa seedlings inoculated with the LB blank control group at the first and third weeks, showing a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. This statement can be supported by Chebotar et al (2022) who showed that the inoculation of PGPR Bacillus velezensis BS89 led to an increase in the chlorophyll content of strawberry plants compared to the uninoculated control.…”

Effects of Apatite Concentrate in Combination with Phosphate-Solubilizing Microorganisms on the Yield of Ryegrass Cultivar Izorskiy

“…We compared our results with the effect of strain Bacillus velezensis BS89 on the productivity of two strawberry varieties (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) [15], which demonstrated that BS89 produced a large amount of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (about 494.1 mg/mL). These data put forward an idea that in the strain consortiums, which we identified in our study, the high IAA-producing strain BS89 is also responsible for the improved root architecture and increased root formation of ryegrass.…”

“…Inoculation of various crops (potatoes, spring and winter wheat, barley, sunflower, cabbage, carrots, and strawberry) with B. velezensis BS89 increased the yield from 12 to 40% [15,16].…”