The Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act: Issues in Federal and State Implementation

Gunn, Elizabeth M.; Ballard, Steven C.; Devine, Michael D.

doi:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1984.tb00347.x

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The actual definition of avoided costs was the task of each individual state, thus leading to widely different interpretations across the United States (Lock and Van Kuiken 1981, Gunn et al 1984, Lipp 2007. The different definitions of avoided costs at the state level also explain the differences in the success of supporting non-utility generation.…”

Section: Environmental Politics 759mentioning

confidence: 97%

Policy invention as evolutionary tinkering and codification: the emergence of feed-in tariffs for renewable electricity

Jacobs

2014

Environmental Politics

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The invention of feed-in tariffs to support renewable energy is analysed. The invention of this policy instrument was the product of a long process of evolutionary tinkering that started in the 1970s, beginning with policies originally implemented to support cogeneration power plants, followed by many small and seemingly irrelevant modifications in order to meet the needs of renewable energy producers. Only by unpacking the policy into its design elements can the long, drawn-out process of policy invention be fully understood. Policymakers adjusted the policy design over time, learning by trial and error. This learning was only possible because the initial effects of the policy were underestimated and natural opponents were distracted by other policies and activities. To allow policy inventions to occur, policymakers should provide protective space to make the necessary amendments for policy success.

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Section: Environmental Politics 759mentioning

confidence: 97%