“…The right to petition is a 1st Amendment safeguard against tyranny and an important instrument of social change (e.g., Branton et al, 2015; Gamson, 1975; Gillion, 2012; Madestam et al, 2013; Piven & Cloward, 1979; Wallace et al, 2014). However, its efficacy depends upon mass perceptions of legitimacy (e.g., Agnone, 2007; Chenoweth & Stephan, 2012; Jeffries et al, 1971; Kernell, 1986; Lee, 2002; McAdams et al, 2001; Schattschneider, 1960; Schumaker, 1975; Stern et al, 1999).…”