The Public Health Risk of Companion Animal to Human Transmission of Antimicrobial Resistance During Different Types of Animal Infection

Pomba, Constança; Belas, Adriana; Menezes, Juliana; Marques, Cristina

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-61981-7_14

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Since then, sharing of clinical NDM-5-producing multidrug-resistant ST167 E. coli between dogs and co-habiting human was reported in a Finland study [18]. Moreover, in a Chinese study across farming sectors, common NDM-positive E. coli strains were identified among farms, flies, dogs, and farmers [16], providing additional scientific support regarding concerns not only about the transfer of resistance between companion animals and humans, but also about their potential role as reservoirs for environmental contamination [16,18,90]. Furthermore, the similarity of carbapenem-resistant clonal lineages isolated from companion animals and humans worldwide, and its genetic features, suggests an interspecies exchange of resistant-bacteria or resistance genes located at mobile genetic elements [26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Transmission Potentialmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The regular and close contact between companion animals and humans provides excellent opportunities for interspecies transmission of resistant bacteria and their resistance genes in either direction [18,[90][91][92]. Hence, the increasing trends and prevalence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria observed in many companion animals is of major public health concern as companion animals could be reservoirs of CP bacteria, thus acting as direct players in the transmission of these resistant bacteria to humans [7].…”

Section: Transmission Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Companion Animals—An Overlooked and Misdiagnosed Reservoir of Carbapenem Resistance

et al. 2022

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The dissemination of antimicrobial-resistance is a major global threat affecting both human and animal health. Carbapenems are human use β-lactams of last resort; thus. the dissemination of carbapenemase-producing (CP) bacteria creates severe limitations for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria in hospitalized patients. Even though carbapenems are not routinely used in veterinary medicine, reports of infection or colonization by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in companion animals are being reported. NDM-5 and OXA-48-like carbapenemases are among the most frequently reported in companion animals. Like in humans, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most represented CP Enterobacterales found in companion animals, alongside with Acinetobacter baumannii. Considering that the detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales presents several difficulties, misdiagnosis of CP bacteria in companion animals may lead to important animal and public-health consequences. It is of the upmost importance to ensure an adequate monitoring and detection of CP bacteria in veterinary microbiology in order to safeguard animal health and minimise its dissemination to humans and the environment. This review encompasses an overview of the carbapenemase detection methods currently available, aiming to guide veterinary microbiologists on the best practices to improve its detection for clinical or research purposes.

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Section: Transmission Potentialmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Transmission Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Companion Animals—An Overlooked and Misdiagnosed Reservoir of Carbapenem Resistance

et al. 2022

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“…In some cases, ARGs found in hospital patients were similar to those found in pets. As a result, vigilance is required against the zoonotic transmission of resistant bacteria, which are shared between pets and their owners [122].…”

Section: Zoonotic Transmission Of Mcr Genes Between Pets and Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Colistin Resistance (mcr) Genes in Cats and Dogs and Their Zoonotic Transmission Risks

et al. 2022

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Background: Pets, especially cats and dogs, represent a great potential for zoonotic transmission, leading to major health problems. The purpose of this systematic review was to present the latest developments concerning colistin resistance through mcr genes in pets. The current study also highlights the health risks of the transmission of colistin resistance between pets and humans. Methods: We conducted a systematic review on mcr-positive bacteria in pets and studies reporting their zoonotic transmission to humans. Bibliographic research queries were performed on the following databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Microsoft Academic, and Web of Science. Articles of interest were selected using the PRISMA guideline principles. Results: The analyzed articles from the investigated databases described the presence of mcr gene variants in pets including mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4, mcr-5, mcr-8, mcr-9, and mcr-10. Among these articles, four studies reported potential zoonotic transmission of mcr genes between pets and humans. The epidemiological analysis revealed that dogs and cats can be colonized by mcr genes that are beginning to spread in different countries worldwide. Overall, reported articles on this subject highlight the high risk of zoonotic transmission of colistin resistance genes between pets and their owners. Conclusions: This review demonstrated the spread of mcr genes in pets and their transmission to humans, indicating the need for further measures to control this significant threat to public health. Therefore, we suggest here some strategies against this threat such as avoiding zoonotic transmission.

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“…Since the identification of mcr-1 , nine additional mcr genes ( mcr-2 to mcr-10 ) have been described [ 7 - 9 ], with reports in the human, animal, and environmental settings worldwide [ 10 ]. The close contact between humans and companion animals increases the risk of resistant bacteria and/or gene transmission, raising issues for human health [ 11 ]. Possible dissemination of mcr-1- positive strains between companion animals and owners into households has been described in China and Ecuador [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mcr-1 colistin resistance gene sharing between Escherichia coli from cohabiting dogs and humans, Lisbon, Portugal, 2018 to 2020

et al. 2022

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Background The emergence of colistin resistance is a One Health antimicrobial resistance challenge worldwide. The close contact between companion animals and humans creates opportunities for transmission and dissemination of colistin-resistant bacteria. Aim To detect potential animal reservoirs of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli and investigate the possible sharing of these bacteria between dogs, cats and their cohabiting humans in the community in Lisbon, Portugal. Methods A prospective longitudinal study was performed from 2018 to 2020. Faecal samples from dogs and cats either healthy or diagnosed with a skin and soft tissue or urinary tract infection, and their cohabiting humans were screened for the presence of colistin-resistant E. coli. All isolates were tested by broth microdilution against colistin and 12 other antimicrobials. Colistin-resistant isolates were screened for 30 resistance genes, including plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genes (mcr-1 to mcr-9), and typed by multilocus sequence typing. Genetic relatedness between animal and human isolates was analysed by whole genome sequencing. Results Colistin-resistant E. coli strains harbouring the mcr-1 gene were recovered from faecal samples of companion animals (8/102; 7.8%) and humans (4/125; 3.2%). No difference between control and infection group was detected. Indistinguishable multidrug-resistant E. coli ST744 strains harbouring the mcr-1 gene were found in humans and their dogs in two households. Conclusions The identification of identical E. coli strains containing the plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene in companion animals and humans in daily close contact is of concern. These results demonstrate the importance of the animal–human unit as possible disseminators of clinically important resistance genes in the community setting.

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The Public Health Risk of Companion Animal to Human Transmission of Antimicrobial Resistance During Different Types of Animal Infection

Cited by 5 publications

References 80 publications

Companion Animals—An Overlooked and Misdiagnosed Reservoir of Carbapenem Resistance

Companion Animals—An Overlooked and Misdiagnosed Reservoir of Carbapenem Resistance

Mobile Colistin Resistance (mcr) Genes in Cats and Dogs and Their Zoonotic Transmission Risks

mcr-1 colistin resistance gene sharing between Escherichia coli from cohabiting dogs and humans, Lisbon, Portugal, 2018 to 2020

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