The psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorder and Rett syndrome

Persico, Antonio M.; Ricciardello, Arianna; Cucinotta, Francesca

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64012-3.00024-1

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 257 publications

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“…Many antidepressants have been used to treat RTT (Persico et al, 2019). Desipramine that functions to inhibit norepinephrine reuptake improves breathing rhythm and prolongs life span in Mecp2 KO mice (Roux et al, 2007;Zanella et al, 2008).…”

Section: Antidepressantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitation and Inhibition Imbalance in Rett Syndrome

2022

Front. Neurosci.

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A loss of the excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance in the neural circuit has emerged as a common neuropathological feature in many neurodevelopmental disorders. Rett syndrome (RTT), a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder that affects 1:10,000–15,000 women globally, is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the Methyl-CpG-binding Protein-2 (Mecp2) gene. E/I imbalance is recognized as the leading cellular and synaptic hallmark that is fundamental to diverse RTT neurological symptoms, including stereotypic hand movements, impaired motor coordination, breathing irregularities, seizures, and learning/memory dysfunctions. E/I balance in RTT is not homogeneously altered but demonstrates brain region and cell type specificity instead. In this review, I elaborate on the current understanding of the loss of E/I balance in a range of brain areas at molecular and cellular levels. I further describe how the underlying cellular mechanisms contribute to the disturbance of the proper E/I ratio. Last, I discuss current pharmacologic innervations for RTT and their role in modifying the E/I balance.

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Section: Antidepressantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitation and Inhibition Imbalance in Rett Syndrome

2022

Front. Neurosci.

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“…A much larger body of evidence can be found regarding the efficacy of risperidone in the treatment of both aggression/impulsivity and stereotyped behavior ( 14 , 15 ). It was Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved in 2005, for the treatment of irritability in ASD, including tantrums, aggression, and self-injury ( 16 )—but not for stereotyped behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quetiapine has not been examined in an RCT so far, but an open-label study showed significant reduction in aggression and improvement of sleep in children and adolescents with ASD ( 18 ). No RCTs were done for clozapine and ziprasidone, as well ( 16 ), although in open label studies, these medications were found to be effective in treatment of aggression and irritability ( 16 ). One study compared the clinical efficacy of amisulpride and bromocriptine in a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial in nine children with ASD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine in Autism Spectrum Disorders—Focus on D2/D3 Partial Agonists and Their Possible Use in Treatment

et al. 2022

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Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of disorders characterized by impairment in social communication and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. ASD etiology is very complex, including the effect of both genetic and environmental factors. So far, no specific treatment for the core symptoms of ASD has been developed, although attempts have been made for the treatment of repetitive behavior. The pharmacological treatment is aimed at treating non-specific symptoms such as irritability and aggression. Recent studies pointed out to the possible role of altered dopamine signaling in mesocorticolimbic and nigrostriatal circuits in ASD. In addition, several research pointed out to the association of dopamine receptors polymorphism and ASD, specifically repetitive and stereotyped behavior. In this paper, we will provide a review of the studies regarding dopamine signaling in ASD, existing data on the effects of D2/D3 partial agonists in ASD, possible implications regarding their individual receptor profiles, and future perspectives of their possible use in ASD treatment.

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“…Sulforaphane is an isothiocyanate deriving from the hydrolysis of glucosinolate glucoraphanin (GRA) in cruciferous vegetables such as Brussels sprouts, cabbages, and, mainly, in broccoli [74,75]. Studies have shown that sulforaphane exerts effects on diseases including neurological diseases and chronic pulmonary diseases, and antidiabetic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects [74][75][76][77][78][79][80].…”

Section: Sulforaphanementioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals and Their Possible Mechanisms in Managing COVID-19 and Diabetes

et al. 2021

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For the writing of this manuscript, we searched information published from 2000 to 2021, through PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, and Science Direct. Focusing on the effects related to respiratory diseases, in addition to possible direct effects towards SARS-CoV-2, coupled with diabetes. Diabetes is a metabolic disease that is characterized by affecting the function of glucose, in addition to insulin insufficiency. This leads to patients with such pathologies as being at greater risk for developing multiple complications and increase exposure to viruses infections. This is the case of severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 19 (SARS-CoV-2), which gave rise to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), declared an international public health emergency in March of 2020 Currently, several strategies have been applied in order to prevent the majority of the consequences of COVID-19, especially in patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes. Among the possible treatment options, we found that the use of phytochemical compounds has exhibited beneficial effects for the prevention and inhibition of infection by SARS-CoV-2, as well as for the improvement of the manifestations of diabetes.

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The psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorder and Rett syndrome

Cited by 32 publications

References 257 publications

Excitation and Inhibition Imbalance in Rett Syndrome

Excitation and Inhibition Imbalance in Rett Syndrome

Dopamine in Autism Spectrum Disorders—Focus on D2/D3 Partial Agonists and Their Possible Use in Treatment

Phytochemicals and Their Possible Mechanisms in Managing COVID-19 and Diabetes

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