The Psychology of Worldviews

Koltko-Rivera, Mark E.

doi:10.1037/1089-2680.8.1.3

Cited by 556 publications

(405 citation statements)

References 222 publications

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“…Within religious studies, some have advocated studying religions as worldviews (Juergensmeyer, 2010;Paden, 2006;Smart, 2000) and others a shift from studying religions to studying worldviews more generally (Droogers, 2014). Within psychology, Koltko-Rivera (2004) proposed a definition of worldviews and a research agenda for a social psychology of worldviews. Although ) is compatible with the definition adopted here, his "collated model" of worldview dimensions lacks theoretical grounding.…”

Section: Psychology Meaning Making and The Study Of Worldviews: Beymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychology, meaning making, and the study of worldviews: Beyond religion and non-religion.

Taves¹,

Asprem²,

Ihm³

2018

Psychology of Religion and Spirituality

142

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Abstract:To get beyond the solely negative identities signaled by atheism and agnosticism, we have to conceptualize an object of study that includes religions and non-religions. We advocate a shift from "religions" to "worldviews" and define worldviews in terms of the human ability to ask and reflect on "big questions" ([BQs], e.g., what exists? how should we live?). From a worldviews perspective, atheism, agnosticism, and theism are competing claims about one feature of reality and can be combined with various answers to the BQs to generate a wide range of worldviews. To lay a foundation for the multidisciplinary study of worldviews that includes psychology and other sciences, we ground them in humans' evolved world-making capacities. Conceptualizing worldviews in this way allows us to identify, refine, and connect concepts that are appropriate to different levels of analysis. We argue that the language of enacted and articulated worldviews (for humans) and worldmaking and ways of life (for humans and other animals) is appropriate at the level of persons or organisms and the language of sense making, schemas, and meaning frameworks is appropriate at the cognitive level (for humans and other animals). Viewing the meaning making processes that enable humans to generate worldviews from an evolutionary perspective allows us to raise news questions for psychology with particular relevance for the study of nonreligious worldviews.

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Section: Psychology Meaning Making and The Study Of Worldviews: Beymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychology, meaning making, and the study of worldviews: Beyond religion and non-religion.

Taves¹,

Asprem²,

Ihm³

2018

Psychology of Religion and Spirituality

142

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“…In the present research, we adopt a general framework and regard world views as propositions that people endorse about the world and how it functions (Koltko-Rivera, 2004). Therefore, we use the construct of social beliefs proposed by Leung and colleagues (2002), termed "social axioms" and defined as "generalized beliefs about people, social groups, social institutions, the physical environment, or the spiritual world as well as about categories of events and phenomena in the social world" (Leung & Bond, 2008, p. 198).…”

Section: Conceptualizing and Assessing World Viewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sue's (1978bSue's ( , 1981 world view is the belief in a just world that attributes consequences to personal actions or characteristics (e.g., Lerner, 1980). These conceptualizations on world views emphasize individuals' perceptions of their relationship with the world, the person-system relation.In the present research, we adopt a general framework and regard world views aspropositions that people endorse about the world and how it functions (Koltko-Rivera, 2004). Therefore, we use the construct of social beliefs proposed by Leung and colleagues (2002), termed "social axioms" and defined as "generalized beliefs about people, social groups, social institutions, the physical environment, or the spiritual world as well as about categories of events and phenomena in the social world" (Leung & Bond, 2008, p. 198).…”

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confidence: 99%

Do people’s world views matter? The why and how.

Chen¹,

Lam²,

Wu³

et al. 2016

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Publisher's copyright statement:c 2016 APA, all rights reserved. This article may not exactly replicate the nal version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record.Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Over the past decades, personality and social psychologists have extensively investigated the role of self-views in individual functioning. Research on world views, however, has been less generative due to overly specific conceptualizations, and little research about how and why they impact life outcomes. To answer the questions of why and how world views matter, we conducted seven studies to examine the functions, antecedents, and consequences of generalized beliefs about the world, operationalized as social axioms (Leung et al., 2002). This research focused on two axiom factors, viz., social cynicism and reward for application. These axioms were found to explain individual differences in self-views over and above personality traits in Hong Kong and US samples (Study 1) and to explain cultural differences in self-views in addition to self-construals among Mainland Chinese, Hong Kong Chinese, East Asian Canadians, and European Canadians (Study 2). Endorsement of social axioms by participants, their parents, and close friends was collected from Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Canada to infer parental and peer influences on world views (Study 3). World views affected psychological well-being through the mediation of positive self-views across three age groups, including children, adolescents, and young adults (Study 4) and over time (Study 5). The mediation of negative self-views was through comparative self-criticism rather than internalized self-criticism (Study 6). Holistic thinking moderated the effect of social cynicism on self-views and psychological well-being (Study 7). These results converge to show that both world views as a distal force and self-views as a proximal force matter in people's subjective evaluation of their lives. The Why and How.As a cognitive framework that helps people organize information about the self and guide their social behavior, the utility of positive and negative self-views has received growing attention in the past three decades (e.g., Kuiper & Rogers, 1979;Markus, 1977). Theory and research have demonstrated that self-views function like schemas and beliefs to affect psychological outcomes, fueling the popularity of self-help books and programs designed to boost self-esteem (Swann & Seyle, 2005).Recent critiques, however, have challenged the ...

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“…Two worldview models can be used for this purpose. First, using the collated model of Koltko-Rivera (2004), which is composed of 42 dimensions collated in groups such as human nature, will, cognition, behavior or truth. This model proposes a total of 119 options, to be chosen in the various dimensions.…”

Section: -Envisioning Humanity's Reaction: Subjective Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multidimensional impact model for the discovery of extraterrestrial life

Vidal¹

2015

The Impact of Discovering Life Beyond Earth

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Abstract:I first argue that the extraterrestrials we will find will not communicate, for the simple reason that they would likely be either immensely inferior or immensely superior to us. Then, I argue that the discovery of extraterrestrials will be slow, like other previous major scientific discoveries. I introduce a multidimensional model to assess and to prepare the impact of discovering extraterrestrial life. Twenty-six dimensions are introduced, illustrated with spider diagrams, which cover both what extraterrestrial might look like, and how humans may react.

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The Psychology of Worldviews

Cited by 556 publications

References 222 publications

Psychology, meaning making, and the study of worldviews: Beyond religion and non-religion.

Psychology, meaning making, and the study of worldviews: Beyond religion and non-religion.

Do people’s world views matter? The why and how.

A multidimensional impact model for the discovery of extraterrestrial life

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