The Psychology of Time Perception

Wearden, J. H.

doi:10.1057/978-1-137-40883-9

Cited by 120 publications

(208 citation statements)

References 243 publications

(412 reference statements)

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“…As explained by Jazayeri andShadlen (2010, p. 1020), "the brain takes into account knowledge of temporal uncertainty and adapts its time keeping mechanisms to temporal statistics in the environment". Indeed, given that the standard deviation of temporal judgment increases with the length of durations to be estimated, as indicated by the scalar property of timing (for a review see Wearden, 2016), it has been found that the central tendency effect is stronger for longer stimulus durations (Cicchini, Arrighi, Cecchetti, Giusti, & Burr, 2012;Jazayeri & Shadlen, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamic effect of context on interval timing in children and adults

et al. 2019

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Human reproductions of time intervals are often biased toward previously perceived durations, resulting in a central tendency effect. The aim of the current study was to compare this effect of temporal context on time reproductions within children and adults. Children aged from 5 to 7 years, as well as adults, performed a readyset-go reproduction task with a short and a long duration distribution. A central tendency effect was observed both in children and adults, with no age-difference in the effect of global context on temporal performance. However, the analysis of the effect of local context (trial-by-trial) indicated that younger children relied more on the duration (objective duration) presented in the most recent trial than adults. In addition, statistical analyses of the influence on temporal performance of recently reproduced durations by subjects (subjective duration) revealed that temporal reproductions in adults were influenced by performance drifts, i.e., their evaluation of their temporal error, while children simply relied on the value of reproduced durations on the recent trials. We argue that the central tendency effect was larger in young children due to their noisier internal representation of durations: A noisy system led participants to base their estimation on experienced duration rather than on the evaluation of their judgment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamic effect of context on interval timing in children and adults

et al. 2019

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“…Nevertheless, for further cross-cultural exploration it could be useful to check employees’ understanding of rating scale as it is time anchored. As it is known, different cultures have different perception of a time (e.g., Graham, 1981; Wearden, 2016). It is possible that employees from different cultures differently perceive the same frequency of negative acts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rocking at 81 and Rolling at 34: ROC Cut-Off Scores for the Negative Acts Questionnaire–Revised in Serbia

2017

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Researchers are still searching for the ways to identify different categories of employees according to their exposure to negative acts and psychological experience of workplace bullying. We followed Notelaers and Einarsen’s application of the ROC analysis to determine the NAQ-R cut-off scores applying a “lower” and “higher” threshold. The main goal of this research was to develop and test different gold standards of personal and organizational relevance in determining the NAQ-R cut-off scores in a specific cultural and economic context of Serbia. Apart from combining self-labeling as a victim with self-perceived health, the objectives were to test the gold standards developed as a combination of self-labeling with life satisfaction, self-labeling with intention to leave and a complex gold standard based on self-labeling, self-perceived health, life satisfaction and intention to leave taken together. The ROC analysis on Serbian workforce data supports applying of different gold standards. For identifying employees in a preliminary stage of bullying, the most applicable was the gold standard based on self-labeling and intention to leave (score 34 and higher). The most accurate identification of victims could be based on the most complex gold standard (score 81 and higher). This research encourages further investigation of gold standards in different cultures.

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“…Finally, we will elaborate on whether and how time-based task expectancies may influence task-choice behavior. In general, timing studies have primarily focused on investigating the expectancy of certain time durations (general time expectancy; Los & Heslenfeld, 2005;Niemi & Näätänen, 1981), conscious time estimation (interval timing; Balcı & Simen, 2016), and the neural underpinnings of time perception (see, e.g., Merchant & Lafuente, 2014;Wearden, 2016). One basic finding is that subjects can learn to incorporate the expected duration of a foreperiod in their behavior: If the foreperiod duration is predictable or precued, performance (e.g., reaction time, RT) is improved in predicted compared to unpredicted or unpredictable intervals (Coull & Nobre, 1998;Coull, Frith, Büchel, & Nobre, 2000;Los, 2013;Miniussi, Wilding, Coull, & Nobre, 1999).…”

Section: General and Specific Temporal Predictability Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does temporal predictability of tasks influence task choice?

Jurczyk

Mittelstädt

Fröber

2020

Psychological Research

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Task performance improves when the required tasks are predicted by the preceding time intervals, suggesting that participants form time-based task expectancies. In the present study, we pursued the question whether temporal predictability of tasks can also influence task choice. For this purpose, we conducted three experiments using a hybrid task-switching paradigm (with two tasks) combining forced-choice and free-choice trials. Each trial was preceded by either a short (500 ms) or a long (1500 ms) foreperiod. In forced-choice trials, the instructed task was predicted by the length of the foreperiod (Exp. 1A and 1B: 100% foreperiod-task contingencies; Exp. 2: 80% foreperiod-task contingencies). In the remaining trials, participants were free to choose which task to perform. In all three experiments, we found that participants' task choice was influenced by the foreperiod-task contingencies implemented in forced-choice trials. Specifically, participants were overall biased to choose tasks compatible with these contingencies; these compatible choice rates were larger for the short compared to the long foreperiod. Our findings suggest that learned time-based task expectancies influence subjects' voluntary task choice and that an initially present task bias toward the "short" task is not always overcome at the long foreperiod. We discuss potential underlying mechanisms against the background of voluntary task switching and interval timing.

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The Psychology of Time Perception

Cited by 120 publications

References 243 publications

The dynamic effect of context on interval timing in children and adults

The dynamic effect of context on interval timing in children and adults

Rocking at 81 and Rolling at 34: ROC Cut-Off Scores for the Negative Acts Questionnaire–Revised in Serbia

Does temporal predictability of tasks influence task choice?

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