The psychology of character development.

Peck, Robert F.; Havighurst, Robert J.; Cooper, Ruth; Lilienthal, Jesse; More, Douglas M.

doi:10.1037/14579-000

Cited by 124 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…Some theories have concentrated on the development of moral emotion or guilt (Allinsmith, 1957;Freud, 1961); others have concentrated on the cognitive properties of moral judgments {Kohl-berg, 1963;Piaget, 1965). Several theories have approached moral development as a generalized personality trait and have viewed it as a product of the individual's entire character structure {Peck and Havighurst, 1960;Hogan, 1973). Research questions inspired by these diverse theories have of necessity been diverse themselves and have provided us with a wealth of observations and experimental data.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biological and Cognitive Bases of Moral Functioning

Dickstein

1979

Human Development

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This paper suggests an approach to understanding moral functioning incorporating developments in biological and cognitive theory. Three components underlying moral behavior are postulated: (1) genetically programmed social tendencies, the motivational basis of the socialization process; (2) role-taking, a cognitive skill facilitating the appropriate expression of inborn social tendencies, and (3) the making of ingroup-outgroup distinctions, according to which, in specific situations, the individual chooses whether to role-take at all, and whether to use the information thus obtained to benefit the other. A summary of empirical work is presented which provides support for the theory by illustrating the mutual influence of role-taking skill and the ingroup-outgroup distinction on one form of moral behavior, sharing. Implications of this approach for defining character types are examined.

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confidence: 99%

Biological and Cognitive Bases of Moral Functioning

Dickstein

1979

Human Development

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“…Stable, mature character is related to parental trust and faith in children (Peck and Havighurst, 1960). They affirm that children's readiness to confide in parents, children's approval by parents, parents' approval of children's peer activities and friendly inter-parental relationships have a role in children's character formation.…”

Section: Lit Erat Ure Reviewmentioning

confidence: 86%

The Influence of Christianity and Modernity on Youth Sexuality in Kisii Central Sub-County, Kenya

Chetambe¹,

Onyancha²,

Ayiemba³

2017

GJSS

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“…In the first of these, Hoffman (10,11,12,13,14) theorizes that a prosocial orientation results from parental affection, prosocial parental behavior, and the use of disciplinary techniques which emphasize the consequence of one's behavior for others rather than techniques which rely upon parental power assertion. Consistent with this model, there is empirical evidence indicating that a prosocial orientation may result from positive parental attitudes (25,31), a prosocial parental model (13,28,29), and parental use of psychological (victim-centered and inductive) rather than physical and power assertive discipline styles (4,10,13). However, the data supporting Hoffman's theory comes from studies which have almost exclusively sampled Anglo American children and adults.…”

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confidence: 82%