The psychological study of race, diversity, and culture: Foundational contributions of James M. Jones to modern theories of racism.

Focusing the critical race psychology lens: CRT and the psychological study of social issues

“…PCRT components, which explicitly drew on social psychological research to explain the impossibility of ignoring race, included: (1) the spontaneous and persistent influences of race on psychological experiences, (2) the racially divergent experiences of fairness and progress, (3) the asymmetrical consequences of race neutrality (e.g., color‐evasiveness), (4) the paradox of racial group members being simultaneously distinctive from and similar to others, and (5) the salience of racial identity. There are at least one hundred citations of this paper referencing Jones's insights on the stagnant state of race relations, America's commitment to colorblindness, and the salience of race and racial identity (e.g., Plaut, 2010; Shelton, 2000; Verkuyten, 2005); however, until recently, not many specifically referenced PCRT (Boisvert & Barned, 2023; cf. Hodge et al., 2008).…”

“…For comparison, psychologists in educational and school settings have a longer and more consistent engagement with CRT, as evidenced by the germinal contribution, “Toward a Critical Race Theory of Education,” by Gloria Ladson‐Billings and Williams Tate in 1995, which has been cited over 14,000 times. Thus, Jones's early work on CRT is undoubtedly under‐cited and under‐utilized by social psychologists (Boisvert & Barned, 2023).…”

Reclaiming the past and transforming our future: Introduction to the special issue on foundational contributions of Black scholars in psychology.

“…The conceptualization of racism in U.S. psychology would not be where it is today without the scholarly contributions of Dr. James M. Jones. As part of their systematic review of 21 of Jones' most important works, Boisvert and Barned (2023) describe the three types of racism Jones' popularized: individual racism, institutional racism, and cultural racism. They also identified and provide an analysis of six themes running through Jones' work, including (a) racism is cultural, prejudice is individual, (b) culture and context matter in expressions of racism, (c) methodological limitations of psychological examinations of race in social psychology, (d) centering people/perspectives that have been silenced, (e) accepting divergent social realities, and (f) worldview and coping with oppression.…”