The Psychological Impact of Psychiatric Admission: Some Preliminary Findings

Morrison, Anthony P.; Bowe, Samantha; Larkin, Warren; Nothard, Sarah

doi:10.1097/00005053-199904000-00011

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Both of these findings are consistent with a wide body of research literature which identifies a significant relationship between low perceived social support (e.g., Morrison et al, 1999) and suicidality, and negative life events, such as divorce and bereavement, and suicidality (Antypa et al, 2013;Azorin et al, 2009). However, whereas the existing literature tends to cite negative life events as being significant and life-changing, such as the aforementioned divorce and bereavement, participants in the present study also recalled the ways in which minor or seemingly innocuous social events, such as a friend not returning a phone call, could trigger the downward spiral of negative thoughts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

A qualitative investigation into the relationships between social factors and suicidal thoughts and acts experienced by people with a bipolar disorder diagnosis

Owen

Gooding

Dempsey

et al. 2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractBackground: The prevalence rate of completed suicide in bipolar disorder is estimated to be as high as 19%. Social factors or influences, such as stigmatisation and family conflict, contribute to the development of suicidal ideation in clinical and non-clinical populations. Yet, there is a lack of studies examining suicidality from a psychosocial perspective in people who experience bipolar disorder.Method: Semi-structured interviews were used to collect qualitative data from 20 participants with bipolar disorder. The interview focused on the effects of social factors upon participants" experiences of suicidality (suicidal thoughts, feelings or behaviours). A thematic analysis was used to understand the data.Results: Social or interpersonal factors which participants identified as protective against suicidality included, 'the impact of suicide on others' and, 'reflecting on positive social experiences'. Social factors which triggered suicidal thoughts included, 'negative social experiences' and, 'not being understood or acknowledged'. Social factors which worsened suicidal thoughts or facilitated suicidal behaviour were, 'feeling burdensome," and 'reinforcing negative self-appraisals'.Limitations: Some participants had not experienced suicidal thoughts for many years and were recalling experiences which had taken place over ten years ago. The accuracy and reliability of these memories must therefore be taken into consideration when interpreting the results. Conclusions:The themes help to enhance current understanding of the ways in which social factors affect suicidality in people who experience bipolar disorder. These results highlight the importance of considering the social context in which suicidality is experienced and incorporating strategies to buffer against the effects of negative social experiences in psychological interventions which target suicide risk in bipolar disorder.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

A qualitative investigation into the relationships between social factors and suicidal thoughts and acts experienced by people with a bipolar disorder diagnosis

Owen

Gooding

Dempsey

et al. 2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Most of the participants reported traumatic responses related to both their psychotic symptoms and their treatment experiences, consistent with previous reports [i.e., Ref. (11, 18, 20, 21)]. Participants described a number of traumatogenic aspects of psychotic symptoms, corresponding to five themes: (1) frightening hallucinations, (2) suicidal thought/attempts, (3) thoughts/attempts to hurt others, (4) paranoia/delusions, and (5) bizarre/disorganized behavior or catatonia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Posttraumatic Reactions to Psychosis: A Qualitative Analysis

Mueser

Rosenberg

et al. 2017

Front. Psychiatry

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The current study aimed to evaluate the potentially traumatic aspects of psychotic symptoms and psychiatric treatment of psychosis using qualitative methods. Participants included 63 people with first episode psychosis or multiple psychotic episodes recruited from an inpatient psychiatric unit and an urban state psychiatric hospital in the North East region of the United States. Quasi-structured interviews were used to explore those aspects of symptoms and treatment that were perceived as traumatic Emotional reactions to the most traumatic aspect of symptoms and treatment, during and after the event, were also examined. Participants described a number of traumatogenic aspects of psychotic symptoms, including frightening hallucinations; suicidal thought/attempts, thoughts/attempts to hurt others; paranoia/delusions and bizarre/disorganized behavior or catatonia. Traumatic aspects of psychosis elicited emotions including anger, sadness and confusion, anxiety, and numbness at the time of event. Furthermore, many participants found aspects of treatment to be traumatic, including: being forced to stay in the hospital for a long time; experiencing upsetting side-effects; coercive treatments, including involuntary hospitalization, use of restraints, and forced medication; being exposed to aggressive patients; and mistreatment by professionals. These experiences elicited emotions of anger, sadness, distrust, and a sense of helplessness. Study findings suggest that the experiences both of psychotic symptoms and psychiatric treatment, potentially traumatic, can be a powerful barrier to engaging people in mental health services and facilitating recovery. Clinical implications were discussed.

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“…Participants described the negative effects of being labelled and the lack of understanding that occurred in hospital and broader systems. Some studies have found evidence of post‐traumatic stress disorder after experience of psychiatric services (Morrison, Bowe, Larkin, & Nothard, 1999). These experiences suggest that service procedures may need to be reviewed so they are in line with current guidance on recovery (Department of Health, 2001; NIMHE, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distress, trauma, and recovery: Adjustment to first episode psychosis

et al. 2012

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Objective. To understand the experiences that people with early psychosis are adjusting to and their perceived barriers to recovery. Method. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with eight participants. Grounded Theory was applied to the design and analysis. Sampling and coding ceased when saturation of the data was reached. Respondent validation was sought from participants. Results. A theoretical model was developed using Strauss and Corbin's (1998) framework. A core category of distress was elicited, which was evident in all participants’ accounts of their recovery. Overall six main categories were identified and it was proposed that individuals were adjusting to the distress of past experiences, uncertainty, a challenged identity, being in a psychiatric system, the reaction of others and social disadvantage. Conclusions. Recovery from the distress and trauma of early psychosis does not simply involve adjustment to and recovery from a single experience or set of symptoms. The results are discussed in relation to trauma, developmental, and social inequality frameworks. Specific implications for clinical practice include incorporating the findings within formulations, developing interventions that focus on trauma, identity, and uncertainty as well as addressing the social and systemic issues identified. Practitioner Points Recovery from early psychosis is multi‐faceted. Psychological formulations should seek to consider individual, social, and systemic factors influencing an individual's distress to more fully conceptualize what an individual's adjustment to early psychosis may involve. Services and wider systems should consider iatrogenic processes, which may contribute to and maintain the distress experienced by those with early psychosis. Education programmes that look to contextualize psychosis within a meaningful framework may help to develop understanding within wider society where a lack of knowledge and understanding serves to reinforce an individual's sense of exclusion and difference.

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The Psychological Impact of Psychiatric Admission: Some Preliminary Findings

Cited by 40 publications

References 12 publications

A qualitative investigation into the relationships between social factors and suicidal thoughts and acts experienced by people with a bipolar disorder diagnosis

A qualitative investigation into the relationships between social factors and suicidal thoughts and acts experienced by people with a bipolar disorder diagnosis

Posttraumatic Reactions to Psychosis: A Qualitative Analysis

Distress, trauma, and recovery: Adjustment to first episode psychosis

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