The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdowns: A Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies and Natural Experiments

Prati, Gabriele; Mancini, Anthony D.

doi:10.31234/osf.io/pqct5

Cited by 99 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Loneliness exerted more impact on depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms, which can be explained by the deprivation of relationships, while to be accompanied was more relevant than to be alone regarding stress. Prati and Mancini (2021), meta-analyzed 25 recent studies on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on population mental health, and concluded that the psychological impact of social restrictions is small in magnitude and highly heterogeneous (Prati and Mancini, 2021). In our study, in fact social distancing played a secondary role to the explanation of the symptoms comparing the effect sizes with the main predictors, but the containment measures applied may had indirect effects, which were measured by other variables, i.e., economic problems and emotional abuse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closed Doors: Predictors of Stress, Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD During the Onset of COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

Calegaro

Ramos-Lima

Hoffmann

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic first reached Brazil in late February 2020. Since then, it is one of the most affected countries globally. The rise of mental health problems in the population directly or indirectly affected is now a major concern. In the present study, we show the results of the first wave of the COVIDPsiq cohort study, which started early on (April 2020). The aim of this study was to investigate and compare independent predictors of symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Brazilians one month after social distancing measures were implemented. Methods: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) were the two self-report instruments used to assess the symptoms. Variables related to demographics, social distancing, exposure to the news of coronavirus pandemic, substance use, and traumatic situations were also analyzed. Data was gathered through a web-based survey. Multivariate analyses were performed through hierarchical multiple linear regression models (HMLR). Result: A sample of 3,587 participants completed the questionnaire, among which approximately two-thirds considered that their mental health worsened after the beginning of the social restriction measures. Stress, anxiety, depression, and PTSD levels were highly correlated with this self-perception. The five most important predictors of psychological distress were the distress related to pandemic news, younger age, current psychiatric diagnosis, trouble sleeping, and emotional abuse or violence. Limitations: This is an internet survey-based study in which convenience sample bias may limit its external validity. It does not represent the northern regions of the country and most participants are white wealthier females. It was not possible to evaluate if symptoms are clinically relevant to infer an increased incidence of mental illness. Conclusions: These results confirm the hypothesis that a pandemic would have important impacts on the mental health of the population and indicate the level of distress related to the media as an important predictor of mental symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closed Doors: Predictors of Stress, Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD During the Onset of COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

Calegaro

Ramos-Lima

Hoffmann

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Longitudinal studies have reported that rates of psychological distress increased during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic [5][6][7][8] . A rapid review and meta-analysis of 12 longitudinal studies with pre-pandemic data found small but significant increases in the rates of depressive symptoms (Hedge's g = 0.15, SE = 0.07, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.30, p = .037) and anxiety (g = 0.17, SE = 0.05, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.27, p < .001) during lockdown (January to June 2020), when compared to before the pandemic 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

CovidLife: a resource to understand mental health, well-being and behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK

Fawns-Ritchie¹,

Campbell²,

Huggins³

et al. 2021

Wellcome Open Res

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CovidLife is a longitudinal observational study designed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, well-being and behaviour in adults living in the UK. In total, 18,518 participants (mean age = 56.43, SD = 14.35) completed the first CovidLife questionnaire (CovidLife1) between April and June 2020. To date, participants have completed two follow-up assessments. CovidLife2 took place between July and August 2020 (n = 11,319), and CovidLife3 took place in February 2021 (n = 10,386). A range of social and psychological measures were administered at each wave including assessments of anxiety, depression, well-being, loneliness and isolation. Information on sociodemographic, health, and economic circumstances was also collected. Questions also assessed information on COVID-19 infections and symptoms, compliance to COVID-19 restrictions, and opinions on the UK and Scottish Governments’ handling of the pandemic. CovidLife includes a subsample of 4,847 participants from the Generation Scotland cohort (N~24,000, collected 2006-2011); a well-characterised cohort of families in Scotland with pre-pandemic data on mental health, physical health, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors, along with biochemical and genomic data derived from biological samples. These participants also consented to their study data being linked to Scottish health records. CovidLife and Generation Scotland data can be accessed and used by external researchers following approval from the Generation Scotland Access Committee. CovidLife can be used to investigate mental health, well-being and behaviour during COVID-19; how these vary according to sociodemographic, health and economic circumstances; and how these change over time. The Generation Scotland subsample with pre-pandemic data and linkage to health records can be used to investigate the predictors of health and well-being during COVID-19 and the future health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…Staying home and working from home during the pandemic have implications for daily life ranging from dealing with economic impairment (i.e., job/income loss) [ 12 ] and work-overload [ 13 ] to increased parenting demands (i.e., child care and homeschooling). In addition to all these abrupt changes in daily life, the pandemic has left many people without access to adaptive coping resources, such as social support from family and friends and access to recreational facilities, health and counseling services and places of worship [ 12 , 14 ]. Previous research has shown that changes in these lifestyle-behaviors during lockdowns, or when more severe social distancing restrictions are in place, are associated with adverse psychological effects [ 10 , 15 ] impacting mental health and wellbeing [ 16 , 17 , 18 ], alongside more stress [ 19 ] and anxiety [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Perceived Impact and Psychological Variables as Predictors of Unhealthy Food and Alcohol Consumption Trajectories: The Role of Gender and Living with Children as Moderators

Salazar-Fernández

Palet

Haeger

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The present study examines the trajectories of unhealthy food and alcohol consumption over time and considers whether perceived impact of COVID-19 and psychological variables are predictors of these trajectories. We ascertained whether these predictors are different in women vs. men and between women living with vs. without children. Data were collected through online surveys administered to 1038 participants from two universities (staff and students) in Chile, across five waves (July to October 2020). Participants provided information about their past-week unhealthy food and alcohol consumption and mental health. Using latent growth curve modeling analysis, we found that higher perceived health and interpersonal COVID-19 impact, younger age and lower depression symptoms were associated with more rapid increases over time in unhealthy food consumption. On the other hand, higher perceived COVID-19 economic impact and older age were associated with more rapid diachronic decreases in alcohol consumption. Gender and living with or without children, for women only, were moderators of these trajectories. This longitudinal study provides strong evidence identifying the multiple repercussions of COVID-19 and mental health factors on unhealthy food and alcohol consumption. These findings highlight the need for interventions aimed at minimizing the impact of the pandemic on unhealthy food and alcohol consumption over time.

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The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdowns: A Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies and Natural Experiments

Cited by 99 publications

References 50 publications

Closed Doors: Predictors of Stress, Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD During the Onset of COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

Closed Doors: Predictors of Stress, Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD During the Onset of COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

CovidLife: a resource to understand mental health, well-being and behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK

COVID-19 Perceived Impact and Psychological Variables as Predictors of Unhealthy Food and Alcohol Consumption Trajectories: The Role of Gender and Living with Children as Moderators

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