The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Among Pakistani Adults in Lahore

Majeed, Saima; Schwaiger, Elizabeth; Nazim, Abia; Samuel, Ivan Suneel

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.578366

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The present results are also supported by another indigenous research conducted to measure the presence of COVID-19-related anxiety and OCD-related symptoms. Results indicated that men reported a high level of coronavirus-related anxiety and exhibited more OCD-like symptoms than women even though the research participants were more women (Majeed et al, 2021). Men's anxiety and depression could be related to the high prevalence of COVID-19 in them and its fatal nature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Spiritual Intelligence and Psychological Distress during Covid-19 Pandemic in Adults of Pakistan

Azam¹

2022

PSSR

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Amid COVID 19 it was planned to examine the presence of psychological distress including anxiety, depression, and stress, and its relationship with Spiritual Intelligence in Adults of Pakistan. A novel and an uncertain situation like COVID-19 that carries a burden on health, finance, industry, education, and nearly all spheres of life could rise psychological distress. Measuring its intensity and valence could be helpful in its intervention. It was a correlational study with a cross-sectional research design. A non-probability convenient sample of two hundred participants with the age range of 18 to 55 years (M=25.5 SD= 5.56) completed the online google survey. Depression, Anxiety, Stress -21 scale (DASS), and Spiritual Intelligence Self-Inventory was used to collect data. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship (.851**, .802** p< 0.001) between depression, anxiety, and stress. Moreover, no significant relationship could be found between spiritual intelligence and psychological distress. Significant gender differences were found for depression and anxiety as men reported more depression and anxiety. General population is experiencing depression, anxiety, and stress due to the COVID-19 though no relationship exists between psychological distress and spiritual intelligence within the present sample. Psychological intervention should be the part of usual regime to cater to COVID-19 and related diseases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Spiritual Intelligence and Psychological Distress during Covid-19 Pandemic in Adults of Pakistan

Azam¹

2022

PSSR

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“…These findings are parallel to a study conducted in a different city in Pakistan. They described that in comparison to other parts of the world, COVID-19 related anxiety issues are not much observed in this country [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Evaluation of Disease-related Characteristics in COVID-19 Infected Population of Karachi, Pakistan: An Online Survey

Aziz

Sarfaraz

Majeed

et al. 2022

JPRI

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Aims: COVID-19 pandemic brought the medical community into action, to introduce safe and effective strategies to combat the disease. Pakistan has also experienced a significant increase in COVID-positive cases. The objective of this study is to assess the disease-related characteristics and evaluate different treatment responses in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Data was collected from January to September 2021. Methodology: An online survey was circulated and analyzed using SPSS and results were reported as frequency and percentages. 1000 questionnaires were distributed, of which 257 responses were received. Results: The majority of the population 90.3% survived however, a few 9.7% deaths were reported. Fever (65.7%) and cough (53.6%) were the most frequently observed symptoms. Ninety percent (n=230) of the patients required no hospital admission. The results show that 16.3% received anti-viral treatment, mainly Remdesivir. This study will help in assessing the COVID-19 patient’s response to different treatment strategies. It will also provide an insight into the psychological impact of COVID-19. Conclusion: This study showed encouraging data regarding the disease characteristics of COVID-19 observed in the population.

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“…When compared with the worldwide rate of 17.80% with major depression and 16.71% with distress, calculated under the same circumstances and time [COMET-G, ( 18 )], there was a higher rate of both in Canada. A low rate of increased anxiety during the pandemic was reported in Pakistan, and the authors concluded that it “demonstrates either the resilience of Pakistanis or the lack of understanding of the seriousness of the situation” ( 22 ). Higher distress levels were reported by Yael ( 23 ), who imagined the profile of individuals with elevated distress as: “being younger, female, not in a relationship, having a below-average income, being diagnosed with the disease, living alone during the outbreak, having a close other in a high-risk group, and negatively self-rating one’s health status.” Chang et al ( 24 ) found that fear of COVID-19 among people with mental illness was associated with psychological distress (including depression, anxiety, and stress), while the present study found that mental disorder is associated with depression only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Pandemic: The Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health and Life Habits in the Canadian Population

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesThe study aims to investigate the rate of clinical depression in the adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the changes in anxiety, distress, suicidal ideation, and their relations with several personal and interpersonal/social variables.MethodsThis is an epidemiological, non-interventional study. It is part of an international multi-center study, with the main site at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, in Greece (COMET-G Study). We are presenting aspects of the research involving the Canadian site, based on 508 Canadian responders to the online survey (QAIRE).ResultsOf the 508 responders, 72.2% were females aged 42.57 ± 14.00 years; 27.2% were males aged 42.24 ± 15.49 years; and 0.6% were others aged 46.33 ± 17.79 years. Increased anxiety during the lockdown was reported by 69.3% of those surveyed. The rate of suicidal thoughts increased in 19.5% of participants during the lockdown. Depression was reported by 22% of responders, while distress was present in 18.4%. We found a greater prevalence of depression, but not distress, in individuals with a history of any mental disorder. Based on the multiple regression analysis, we found four CORE factors equally influencing the changes in mental health during the lockdown (gender, quality of sleep, family conflicts, and changes in daily routine). In the Canadian population, two major changes acted as protective factors, significantly expressed when compared with the worldwide tendencies: fewer financial difficulties; and an increase in religious beliefs.ConclusionThe rate of major depression, distress, and suicidal ideation was higher in Canadians than in the worldwide population (per COMET-G), but the relative risk to develop depression in the presence of a history of mental disorders was lower. Almost 90% of Canadians believed in the real story of COVID source of provenience.

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The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Among Pakistani Adults in Lahore

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Spiritual Intelligence and Psychological Distress during Covid-19 Pandemic in Adults of Pakistan

Spiritual Intelligence and Psychological Distress during Covid-19 Pandemic in Adults of Pakistan

Evaluation of Disease-related Characteristics in COVID-19 Infected Population of Karachi, Pakistan: An Online Survey

COVID-19 Pandemic: The Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health and Life Habits in the Canadian Population

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