The Psychological Availability of Dual‐Earner Parents for Their Children After Work

Danner-Vlaardingerbroek, G.; Kluwer, Esther S.; Steenbergen, Elianne F. van; Lippe, Tanja van der

doi:10.1111/fare.12039

Cited by 32 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…This study builds on current knowledge about parent–child relations and work‐to‐family conflict. By distinguishing between the parent's physical availability (the frequency of parent–child activities) and psychological availability (the extent to which the parent is distracted by paid work), we have built on earlier studies that stress the importance of accessibility in family relationships (Danner‐Vlaardingerbroek et al, ; Milkie et al, ). Moreover, our results show that, for fathers, this specific dimension of work‐to‐family conflict is associated with the socioemotional well‐being of children.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This body of literature suggests that paid work can interfere with family life and that this interference can harm both parents and children. When parents' work demands are high and parents experience work stress, the quality of interactions with their children and partner is lower (e.g., Danner‐Vlaardingerbroek, Kluwer, Van Steenbergen, & Van der Lippe, ; Repetti, ; Strazdins, Clements, Korda, Broom, & D'Souza, ), and children's well‐being is lower (Crouter & Bumpus, ; Strazdins et al, ; Strazdins, Shipley, Clements, Obrien, & Broom, 2010). Moreover, research suggests that parents report higher‐quality parent–child relationships when parent–child time is not disturbed by paid‐work demands (Roeters, Van der Lippe, & Kluwer, ; Wajcman, ).…”

Section: Prior Research On Quality Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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Parent–Child Activities, Paid Work Interference, and Child Mental Health

Roeters

Houdt

2019

Family Relations

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Objective To examine the association between child mental health and (a) the amount of parent–child interaction and (b) the amount of interference in that interaction due to paid work. Background Although some research findings suggest children do not always benefit from being with their parents full‐time, other studies suggest it is important for children to have their parents' undivided attention. Method Analyses are based on the 2013 New Families in the Netherlands dataset (639 fathers and 849 mothers of school‐aged children). Using structural equation modeling (SEM), we analyzed how child well‐being varied with the frequency of parent–child activities and the amount of interference due to paid work. Results Children demonstrated better mental health when the frequency of father–child activities was higher and the amount of interference due to work was lower. We found no effects for mothers. Moreover, the association between the frequency of parent–child activities and child mental health was not moderated by the amount of interference due to paid work (neither for fathers nor mothers). Conclusion The findings suggest that children attach great importance to the psychological availability of their fathers. We speculate that children respond more strongly to their fathers because their attention and involvement is less taken for granted than that of mothers. Implications Given the intrusive nature of smartphones and laptops in daily life, it is crucial that parents, employers, and family life educators understand how distractions during parent–child time due to paid work can affect children. With this knowledge, strategies to minimize unintended detrimental consequences for children can be developed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prior Research On Quality Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Parent–Child Activities, Paid Work Interference, and Child Mental Health

Roeters

Houdt

2019

Family Relations

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“…Although some structural conditions of parents' work environment (e.g., long working hours, atypical schedules, and husband-wife wage differentials) are associated with parental involvement in dual-earner families (Hook & Wolfe, 2013;Wood & Repetti, 2004;Yeung et al, 2001), the way parents perceive balance between their work and family demands exerts a strong influence on parenting (Cinamon, Weisel, & Tzuk, 2007;Corwyn & Bradley, 1999;Perry-Jenkins, Repetti, & Crouter, 2000;Vieira, Matias, Ferreira, Lopez, & Matos, 2016). Some studies reported that parents' WFC, meaning the experience perceived by the parents as not having enough time and energy to manage all work and family responsibilities, has a negative effect on their psychological availability and socioemotional investment in their children (Matias et al, 2017;Corwyn & Bradley, 1999;Danner-Vlaardingerbroek et al, 2013). The experience of WFC may have particularly negative implications for parents' availability to engage in activities that go beyond basic caretaking, namely spending time with the child in positive engagement activities.…”

Section: Work-family Dynamics and Parental Engagementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories of parental engagement in early childhood among dual-earner families: Effects on child self-control.

Ferreira¹,

Cadima²,

Matias³

et al. 2018

Developmental Psychology

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Parental engagement in positive activities with the child may show significant variation across time, assuming a crucial influence on child development. In dual-earner families, work-family conflict can interfere with parental engagement, with negative consequences for children's behavior. The current study examined the change trajectories of mothers' and fathers' engagement in early childhood, analyzing whether these trajectories are influenced by parents' work-family conflict and whether they predict child behavioral self-control. Data from 156 four-year-old children (67 girls) from dual-earner families were collected annually for 3 consecutive years, through mothers', fathers', and teachers' reports. Results from latent growth curve analysis revealed mothers' engagement remained stable across time while fathers' engagement had a significant increase over time. The negative association between work-family conflict and parental engagement was constant over time both for mothers and fathers. For mothers, initial levels of engagement positively predicted child behavioral self-control. As for fathers, both the initial level and positive change in engagement positively predicted child self-control. These findings emphasize the role of parental engagement in fostering child behavioral adjustment, underlining the need for considering work-family dynamics to understand changes in parental engagement.

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“…Energy is defined herein as the feeling of vitality and being alive (Ryan & Frederick, 1997). Such elevated energy would then manifest more specifically via enhanced receptivity toward the child (Hodgins, Koestner, & Duncan, 1996) and psychological availability to be attuned to the child's viewpoint (Danner-Vlaardingerbroek, Kluwer, Van Steenbergen, & Van der Lippe, 2013). These resources are probably key to provide meaningful choices, to encourage initiative, and to constructively handle child resistance through dialogue.…”

Section: Parents' Own Psychological Need Satisfaction and Parental Aumentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomy-Supportive Parenting and Autonomy-Supportive Sibling Interactions

Kaap‐Deeder

Vansteenkiste

Soenens

et al. 2015

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

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Autonomy-supportive parenting yields manifold benefits. To gain more insight into the family-level dynamics involved in autonomy-supportive parenting, the present study addressed three issues. First, on the basis of self-determination theory, we examined whether mothers' satisfaction of the psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness related to autonomy-supportive parenting. Second, we investigated maternal autonomy support as an intervening variable in the mother-child similarity in psychological need satisfaction. Third, we examined associations between autonomy-supportive parenting and autonomy-supportive sibling interactions. Participants were 154 mothers (M age = 39.45, SD = 3.96) and their two elementary school-age children (M age = 8.54, SD = 0.89 and M age = 10.38, SD = 0.87). Although mothers' psychological need satisfaction related only to maternal autonomy support in the younger siblings, autonomy-supportive parenting related to psychological need satisfaction in both siblings and to an autonomy-supportive interaction style between siblings. We discuss the importance of maternal autonomy support for family-level dynamics.

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The Psychological Availability of Dual‐Earner Parents for Their Children After Work

Cited by 32 publications

References 62 publications

Parent–Child Activities, Paid Work Interference, and Child Mental Health

Parent–Child Activities, Paid Work Interference, and Child Mental Health

Trajectories of parental engagement in early childhood among dual-earner families: Effects on child self-control.

Autonomy-Supportive Parenting and Autonomy-Supportive Sibling Interactions

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