The Psychological and Physiological Effects of Acute Occupational Stress in New Anesthesiology Residents

Eisenach, John H.; Šprung, Juraj; Clark, Matthew M.; Shanafelt, Tait D.; Johnson, Bruce D.; Kruse, Timothy N.; Chantigian, Daniel; Carter, Jason R.; Long, Timothy R.

doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000000397

Cited by 42 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Hart [179] Garcia-Dia [72] Resilience was in fact quite common rather than uncommon as had been proposed by earlier researchers, and a fundamental feature of normal coping skills as manifested by seeking social support from others, moving forward with life and accepting your circumstances with hope.…”

Section: Reference Articles Definition Proposed Citation Sourcementioning

confidence: 85%

Towards a Transversal Definition of Psychological Resilience: A Literature Review

et al. 2019

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Background and objectives: This paper addresses psychological resilience, a multidisciplinary theoretical construct with important practical implications for health sciences. Although many definitions have been proposed in several contexts, an essential understanding of the concept is still lacking up to now. This negatively affects comparisons among research results and makes objective measurement difficult. The aim of this review is to identify shared elements in defining the construct of resilience across the literature examined in order to move toward a conceptual unification of the term. Materials and methods: A literature review was performed using the electronic databases ‘PubMed’ and ‘PsycINFO’. Scientific studies written in English between 2002 and May 2019 were included according to the following key terms: ‘Psychological’, ‘resilience’, and ‘definition’. Results: The review identifies five macro-categories that summarize what has been reported in the recent literature concerning the resilience phenomenon. They serve as a preliminary and necessary step toward a conceptual clarification of the construct. Conclusions: We propose a definition of psychological resilience as the ability to maintain the persistence of one’s orientation towards existential purposes. It constitutes a transversal attitude that can be understood as the ability to overcome the difficulties experienced in the different areas of one’s life with perseverance, as well as good awareness of oneself and one’s own internal coherence by activating a personal growth project. The conceptual clarification proposed will contribute to improving the accuracy of research on this topic by suggesting future paths of investigation aimed at deeply exploring the issues surrounding the promotion of resilience resources.

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Section: Reference Articles Definition Proposed Citation Sourcementioning

confidence: 85%

Towards a Transversal Definition of Psychological Resilience: A Literature Review

et al. 2019

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“…In this way, for example, medical students with poor strategies to face stress show reduced laparoscopic skills [ 34 ]. Over time, stress leads to observable changes, indicating the existence of a relationship between acute stress and established performance [ 35 , 36 ]. We have observed that there is a high level of stress in the healthcare personnel through the answers in the MPSS-R questionnaire.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress Salivary Biomarkers Variation during the Work Day in Emergencies in Healthcare Professionals

Pérez-Valdecantos

Caballero-García

Castillo-Sanz³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Objective: The work of health professionals in hospital emergency rooms is highly demanding due to the decisions they must take. In the present study, we consider assessing stress response in emergency health workers, measuring related biomarkers such as cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and salivary α-amylase during the whole working day. Method: An analytical, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. The study was conducted in the emergency rooms of two public hospitals. Ninety-seven professionals participated, 45 corresponding to one hospital and 52 to the other. Four salivary samples were obtained according to circadian rhythms: at 8:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 00:00 h/24 h. The data were subsequently analyzed. Results: Cortisol levels decreased throughout the working day, with minimum values being at 24 h. A similar pattern was observed in DHEA. The α-amylase levels increased throughout the working day, reaching its peak at 15:00 h, and decreasing at 24 h, compared to the data from the rest of the working day. Conclusions: Since reference/baseline values are not presented, this work is focused on a stress situation experienced during one regular working day in emergency rooms with no extreme situations. In this context, stress, measured through cortisol and α-amylase, is present in emergency room doctors and nurses. However, the increase in DHEA, due to its anabolic condition, could counteract their effect, suggesting a positive effect on their professional actions.

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“…Knowledge retention and future memory retrieval are known to be impaired under stressful circumstances, and stress biomarkers have been shown to be elevated during this transition period. 6 , 7 Yet within the span of a few weeks, anesthesiology residents are expected to rapidly acquire basic competence in both the clinical knowledge and procedural skills necessary to function as a perioperative care provider.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training the Trainer: Preparing Anesthesiology Residents to be Trainers in the Operating Room

2021

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Introduction: The transition into clinical anesthesiology is a challenging period that requires swift acquisition of clinical knowledge and procedural skills. Senior residents are in a prime position to help their junior colleagues into the operating room environment due to their ability to relate from personal experience. We created a workshop for enhancing peer apprenticeship during this transition. Methods: The workshop consisted of PowerPoint didactics interspersed with small-group practice sessions. Surveys were administered pre-, post-, 1-week post-, and 1-month postworkshop. The primary outcome was pre-post improvement in the proportion of residents prepared to be a trainer. Secondary outcomes included pre-to 1-week postworkshop improvement, pre-postworkshop change in knowledge of learning theory concepts, and pre-postworkshop change in first-year clinical anesthesiology perceptions of trainers. Results: Of residents, 12 of 43 (28%) eligible to be resident trainers attended the workshop. The proportion of residents who felt prepared increased from 75% preworkshop to 100% postworkshop and remained at 93% at 1 week. Knowledge of cognitive load and microskills improved from 0% preworkshop to 83% postworkshop but dropped to 0% at 1 month. Comfort using microskills improved from 0% preworkshop to 83% postworkshop. Discussion: Early anesthesiology training demands rapid acquisition of novel cognitive and procedural skills. Senior anesthesiology residents are in a prime position to train junior residents, yet many are uncomfortable with this role. We developed a workshop to transition residents into a peer trainer role and significantly increased their confidence to be a trainer. Other programs may benefit from implementing similar training.

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The Psychological and Physiological Effects of Acute Occupational Stress in New Anesthesiology Residents

Cited by 42 publications

References 54 publications

Towards a Transversal Definition of Psychological Resilience: A Literature Review

Towards a Transversal Definition of Psychological Resilience: A Literature Review

Stress Salivary Biomarkers Variation during the Work Day in Emergencies in Healthcare Professionals

Training the Trainer: Preparing Anesthesiology Residents to be Trainers in the Operating Room

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