The psychological and behavioural factors associated with laypeople initiating CPR for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review

Dixon, Diane; Williams, Brian; Torrens, Claire; Philpott, Melanie; Laidlaw, Henriette; McDermott, Siobhan

doi:10.1186/s12872-022-02904-2

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 130 publications

(222 reference statements)

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“…Instead of bystander CPR being a shared responsibility for a public rescue, it becomes the bystander's lone risk for helping the person experiencing the OHCA event. Previous studies have confirmed that risk perception lowered bystander's willingness to perform CPR, impacting their psychological stress and safety risk (Farquharson et al., 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Public willingness, attitudes and related factors toward cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A grounded theory study

Sun,

Waters,

Zhu

2023

Public Health Nursing

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ObjectivesDespite receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training, over 50% of bystanders were unable to actually perform CPR. Understanding public willingness and attitudes toward bystander CPR is crucial in explaining whether people initiate CPR. This study aimed to develop a theoretical understanding of factors that influence the public's willingness and attitudes to perform CPR.DesignThis was a qualitative study using the grounded theory method.MethodsThe data were collected from semi‐structured interviews with 28 participants between August 2022 and November 2022. Purposive sampling and theoretical sampling were used to recruit participants. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding.ResultsNine categories and 24 subcategories were summarized from four aspects: willingness, attitudes, implementation, and training. Willingness included self‐willingness, self‐perception, and societal factors; attitudes covered personality traits, reactions to patients and environment; implementation comprised knowledge and skills, situational coping, and risk perception; training included CPR training accessibility and barriers to CPR training. A theoretical framework of public CPR willingness, attitudes, and their influencing factors was developed.ConclusionThe public's CPR willingness, attitudes, training, and implementation were interrelated and influential. The findings may have significant implications for the development of legislation and policy related to CPR popularization and training.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Public willingness, attitudes and related factors toward cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A grounded theory study

Sun,

Waters,

Zhu

2023

Public Health Nursing

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“…Nevertheless, despite their inadequate knowledge, students had positive attitudes towards learning CPR ( 44 , 45 ). Those findings show that a positive attitude towards learning and performing CPR along with the perception of self-efficacy are essential determinants of people’s willingness to perform bystander BLS prior to arrival of professional help ( 46 , 47 ). Ensuring this readiness fulfills the 5th and 6th standards of the WHO Global Standards and Indicators for HPS ( 48 ), whereby the school expands its health-promoting resources to include teaching and non-teaching staff as well as parents (standard 5), and initiates new partnerships to contribute to the quality, sustainability, and impact of health promotion initiatives (standard 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moving towards health promoting schools: effectiveness of an educational intervention to improve knowledge, attitude and beliefs regarding heart attack, and CPR knowledge in high school students in Lebanon

Abdelkhalik,

Boutros,

Trad

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundHealth promoting schools (HPS) prioritize the health of students and community. One important target of HPS is noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including prevention of heart attacks, due to their burden on healthcare.ObjectiveThis study assesses the effectiveness of an educational intervention to promote knowledge of signs and symptoms, beliefs and attitudes towards heart attack, and promote knowledge of Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).MethodsThe intervention consisted of a 6-minute educational video between a pre-and post-survey. Among other questions, the survey included the Calgary Charter on Health literacy scale, the acute coronary syndrome response index questionnaire, and items assessing knowledge of CPR.ResultsA total of 401 high school students participated (58.9% females). Few students had adequate baseline knowledge of heart attack symptoms (22%) and CPR (7%). The sample showed moderate level of health literacy (12 ± 2.7). Chest pain was the most identified symptom (95%) while abdominal pain was the least identified (14.25%). The intervention significantly increased knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards heart attack, and knowledge of CPR (p < 0.001). Following the intervention, 83.2% of students demonstrated sufficient knowledge of heart attack symptoms, and 45% exhibited adequate knowledge of CPR. Variables predictive of better attitude, in other words higher confidence in recognizing and reacting to symptoms of heart attack, included having higher health literacy and prior knowledge of risk factors (p < 0.05). Needing help reading medical instructions sometimes predicted worse belief in their capacity to act if they experienced or witnessed a heart attack [score (p < 0.05)]. It was also predictive of worse attitude towards heart attack (OR = 0.18).ConclusionHigh school students in Lebanon lack appropriate knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs toward heart attack, and lack CPR qualifications. Scale up of this educational initiative, along with training of teachers and school personnel, can be used as part of a holistic HPS program aimed at raising awareness of heart attack and first responder preparedness.

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“…Providing bystander CPR could be experienced as emotionally challenging and may cause uncertainty and concern that could prove difficult to face in daily life [ 18 ]. A recent systematic review [ 19 ] confirmed that psychological and behavioural factors had impact on the CPR initiation. It has also been shown that even if most VFRs consider their CPR to have been a positive experience and would resuscitate again, they experienced severe short-term psychological impacts [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voluntary first responders’ experiences of being dispatched to suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in rural areas: an interview study

Allert,

Nilsson,

Svensson

et al. 2024

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of death, and survival outcomes vary across countries and regions. To improve survival, the European Resuscitation Council Guidelines encourage the implementation of technologies like smartphone applications to alert voluntary first responders (VFRs) who are near a suspected OHCA. VFRs are of great importance in the ´chain of survival´, but there is still a lack of knowledge about their experiences; especially of those operating in rural areas. Understanding those experiences is crucial in developing appropriate interventions to train, encourage, and safeguard VFRs in their mission. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe VFRs´ experiences of being dispatched to suspected OHCA in rural areas. Methods The study used an inductive design. The data were collected using individual interviews with 16 VFRs and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results The results are presented in terms of six generic categories ‘‘Being motivated and prepared’’, ‘‘Having strategies to undertake the mission’’, ‘‘Collaborating with others’’, ‘‘Being ethically aware’’, ‘‘Supporting the family members’’, and ‘‘Coping with the mission’’, which formed the basis of the main category ‘Desire to save lives and help others’. The findings showed that VFRs had a genuine desire to contribute to save lives in this rural area. Regardless of the circumstances, they were prepared to leave everything and act to the best for the victim and their family members. In theirs’ missions they collaborated with others at the scene and were guided by ethics while they acted in complex circumstances. Conclusions VFRs dispatched in rural areas express a desire to save lives. In their missions, they acted in complex situations and experienced both emotional and ethical challenges. The design, implementation, and evaluation of support interventions directed at VFRs should be prioritised, especially in rural areas, as it can contribute to more people becoming and remaining VFRs, which in turn could contribute to sustainable development.

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The psychological and behavioural factors associated with laypeople initiating CPR for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review

Cited by 10 publications

References 130 publications

Public willingness, attitudes and related factors toward cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A grounded theory study

Public willingness, attitudes and related factors toward cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A grounded theory study

Moving towards health promoting schools: effectiveness of an educational intervention to improve knowledge, attitude and beliefs regarding heart attack, and CPR knowledge in high school students in Lebanon

Voluntary first responders’ experiences of being dispatched to suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in rural areas: an interview study

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