The Proton-Coupled Monocarboxylate Transporter Hermes Is Necessary for Autophagy during Cell Death

Velentzas, Panagiotis D.; Zhang, Lejie; Das, Gautam; Chang, Tsun-Kai; Nelson, Charles; Kobertz, William R.; Baehrecke, Eric H.

doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2018.09.015

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…A role for dynein light chain 1 (ddlc1) in protein clearance by autophagy is required for salivary gland degradation [108]. The proton-coupled pyruvate transporter, Hermes, acts as a negative regulator of mTOR signalling required for autophagy during salivary gland cell death [112]. The roles of these genes in salivary gland PCD may reflect the requirement of the cell death pathways in this tissue and highlights the importance of investigating regulatory mechanisms in a context-specific manner.…”

Section: Other Genes/pathways Regulating Autophagydependent Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy-dependent cell death

2018

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Autophagy-dependent cell death can be defined as cell demise that has a strict requirement of autophagy. Although autophagy often accompanies cell death following many toxic insults, the requirement of autophagic machinery for cell death execution, as established through specific genetic or chemical inhibition of the process, is highly contextual. During animal development, perhaps the best validated model of autophagy-dependent cell death is the degradation of the larval midgut during larval-pupal metamorphosis, where a number of key autophagy genes are required for the removal of the tissues. Surprisingly though, even in the midgut, not all of the 'canonical' autophagic machinery appears to be required. In other organisms and cancer cells many variations of autophagy-dependent cell death are apparent, pointing to the lack of a unifying cell death pathway. It is thus possible that components of the autophagy machinery are selectively utilised or repurposed for this type of cell death. In this review, we discuss examples of cell death that utilise autophagy machinery (or part thereof), the current knowledge of the complexity of autophagy-dependent cellular demise and the potential mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in such cell death.

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Section: Other Genes/pathways Regulating Autophagydependent Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy-dependent cell death

2018

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“…Ral, a member of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases, together with exocyst components, were also shown to be essential for autophagy in dying salivary glands but not for starvation induced autophagy in fat body [89]. Hermes, a proton-coupled pyruvate transporter, functions as a positive regulator of autophagy by inhibiting TOR in salivary glands [90].…”

Section: Salivary Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecdysone controlled cell and tissue deletion

Jiang

Denton

et al. 2019

Cell Death Differ

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The removal of superfluous and unwanted cells is a critical part of animal development. In insects the steroid hormone ecdysone, the focus of this review, is an essential regulator of developmental transitions, including molting and metamorphosis. Like other steroid hormones, ecdysone works via nuclear hormone receptors to direct spatial and temporal regulation of gene transcription including genes required for cell death. During insect metamorphosis, pulses of ecdysone orchestrate the deletion of obsolete larval tissues, including the larval salivary glands and the midgut. In this review we discuss the molecular machinery and mechanisms of ecdysone-dependent cell and tissue removal, with a focus on studies in Drosophila and Lepidopteran insects. Facts • Ecdysone is a key developmental regulator in holometabolous insects that triggers the degradation and remodeling of larval tissues during metamorphosis. • Ecdysone-mediated larval tissue deletion is spatiotemporally regulated and involves both apoptotic and autophagy-dependent cell deaths. • Ecdysone mediates its regulatory effects via a nuclear hormone receptor complex that drives the expression of target genes directly or through ecdysone-induced transcription factors.

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“…Additionally, the list contained orthologues for two amino acid transporter encoding genes, slimfast ( slif ) and CG1607 in Drosophila , both of which regulate the maintenance of germline stem cells (GSCs) and the production of eggs through amino acid sensing in the adult fat body (Armstrong, Laws, & Drummond‐Barbosa, ). Another gene in the list is an orthologue for hermes (CG11665) in Drosophila , a proton‐coupled pyruvate transporter that is required for Tor signalling‐mediated autophagy during development (Velentzas et al, ). These genes were all down‐regulated in association with age (Table a,b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis reveals nutrition‐ and age‐related patterns of gene expression in the fat body of pre‐overwintering bumble bee queens

et al. 2020

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Many diapausing insects undergo a nutrient storage period prior to their entry into diapause. Bumble bee queens diapause as adults in the winter preceding their spring nest initiation period. Before diapause, they sequester glycogen and lipids, which they metabolize during the overwintering period. We used RNA sequencing to examine how age and nectar diet (specifically, the concentration of sucrose in nectar) impact gene expression in the pre‐overwintering bumble bee queen fat body, the “liver‐like” organ in insects with broad functions related to nutrient storage and metabolism. We found that diet on its own, and in combination with age, impacts the expression of genes involved in detoxification. Age was also a strong driver of gene expression, especially at earlier ages (up to 3 days). In addition to these molecular correlates of diet and age, we also found a putative molecular signature of diapause entry or preparation in adult queens in the oldest age group (12 days) fed the most sucrose‐rich diet, based on comparisons between our data set and another transcriptome data set from bumble bee queens. This transcriptomic pattern suggests that preparation for (or entry into) diapause might be in part mediated by nutritional state in bumble bee queens. Collectively, these findings show that there are molecular processes in the fat body that are responsive to sucrose levels in the diet and/or associated with age‐related maturational changes. A better understanding of these processes may shed light on important aspects of bumble bee biology, such as queen responses to nutritional and other forms of stress, and the factors that regulate their entrance into diapause.

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The Proton-Coupled Monocarboxylate Transporter Hermes Is Necessary for Autophagy during Cell Death

Cited by 19 publications

References 77 publications

Autophagy-dependent cell death

Autophagy-dependent cell death

Ecdysone controlled cell and tissue deletion

Transcriptome analysis reveals nutrition‐ and age‐related patterns of gene expression in the fat body of pre‐overwintering bumble bee queens

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