The Protective Value of Hardiness on Military Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms

Resilience and well-being amongst seafarers: cross-sectional study of crew across 51 ships

“…The results from the study also add to existing knowledge of the relationship between hardiness and perceived stress (e.g. Andrew et al 2008;Escolas et al 2013;Paulik 2001). Having a hardy personality-high in control, commitment and challenge-seems to equip seafarers with the resources to cope well on board regardless of the duration of their deployment.…”

Organizational factors related to attracting job seekers higher in hardiness

“…Hardiness scales have been used to study the stress process in a wide range of contexts since the late 1960s (Maddi, ). Hardiness is most commonly researched among workers in occupations inherently high in stressors, such as health care (e.g., Abdollahi, Talib, Yaacob, & Ismail, ; Judkins & Rind, ; Kareaga, Exeberria, & Smith, ), military (Escolas, Pitts, Safer, & Bartone, ; Pitts, Safer, Russell, & Castro‐Chapman, ; Skomorovsky & Sudom, ), and teaching (Lease, ; Otero‐López, Mariño, & Bolaño, ; Otero‐López, Bolaño, Mariño, & Pol, ). A quantitative meta‐analytic review of hardiness indicated that hardiness was consistently correlated with life satisfaction, job satisfaction, job performance, intentions to quit one's job, job burnout, psychological distress, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (Eschleman et al, ).…”

The combined influence of hardiness and cohesion on mental health in a military peacekeeping mission: A prospective study

“…Military units serving in international peacekeeping missions often operate under demanding and potentially traumatizing conditions, which, in turn, can lead to a number of mental health complaints among the deployed troops (e.g., Armistead-Jehle, Johnston, Wade & Ecklund, 2011;Rona, Jones, Sundin, Goodwin, Hull, Wessely & Fear, 2012). A large number of studies have shown that hardiness and cohesion are important resilience factors that are associated with mental health in a military context (e.g., Escolas, Pitts, Safer & Bartone, 2013;Jones, Seddon, Fear, McAllister, Wessely & Greenberg, 2012;King, King, Fairbank, Keane & Adams, 1998). In a recent metaanalysis, Eschleman, Bowling and Alarcon (2010) confirmed the view that hardiness is an important and unique stress-resiliency resource across a wide range of domains, also when controlling for the broad personality domains Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness within the framework of the Big Five.…”