The Protective Role of Omega-3 and Melatonin Against AlCl3 Induced some Biochemical Changes in Albino Rats

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the protective role of omega-3, melatonin and their combination against AlCl 3 induced some biochemical changes especially (OS, lipid peroxidation and AD) markers in serum of experimental rats. Forty adult female rats were used in this present study. They were divided randomly into five groups, each group with eight rats. G1: considered as a control group. G2: (1000mg/L drinking water) AlCl 3 . G3: (1000mg/L drinking water) AlCl 3 + omega-3 oil (4000mg/kg diet). G4: (1000mg/L drinking water) AlCl 3 + melatonin (50mg/kg diet). G5: (1000mg/L drinking water) AlCl 3 + omega-3 oil (4000mg/kg diet) + melatonin (50mg/kg diet). All the above groups left for 40 days. Administration of AlCl 3 (1000mg/L) caused decreased rats brain weight , while there were no statistical changes in body weight, water intake and diet consumption among the studied groups. The results of biochemical study revealed that AlCl 3 decreased SOD level while MDA and Aβ (1-42) peptide level increased. On the other hand, melatonin, omega-3 and their combination effectively increased SOD level except for omega-3 treated group in which no such effect detected on SOD level, while not affected on MDA level but decreased Aβ (1-42) peptide level. As well as CK activity increased in observed in AlCl 3 group while treatment with melatonin, omega-3 and their combination ameliorate this effect. Additionally, AlCl 3 unexpectedly decreased urea concentration, only combination of omega-3 and melatonin normalized urea concentration. Sub-acute dose of AlCl 3 did not cause any significant effect on serum ALP, AST, ALT creatinine, LDH and glucose levels.In conclusion AlCl 3 caused many biochemical changes in of albino rats, while omega-3, melatonin either alone or together showed a protective role against AlCl 3 toxicity. This protection could be through the antioxidant and anti-amyloidal role of omega-3 and melatonin.