The Protective Role of Neurogenetic Components in Reducing Stress-Related Effects during Spaceflights: Evidence from the Age-Related Positive Memory Approach

Mammarella, Nicola; Gatti, Matteo; Ceccato, Irene; Crosta, Adolfo Di; Domenico, Alberto Di; Palumbo, Rocco

doi:10.3390/life12081176

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 111 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…Overall, OAs rated faces as more trustworthy compared to YAs. These data are in line with previous studies showing that OAs, expressing a positivity bias effect, generally give more positive ratings compared to YAs [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. However, our hypothesis that, compared to YAs, OAs would show smaller differences in trustworthiness between ratings during and before the pandemic was not confirmed.…”

Section: Study 1—trustworthinesssupporting

confidence: 93%

With or without the Mask: Age Differences in Perceived Trustworthiness and Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Crosta

Ceccato

Bartolini

et al. 2023

Behavioral Sciences

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The COVID-19 pandemic and the obligation to wear surgical face masks have affected social interactions. Wearing a mask can cause impairments in face identification, emotion recognition, and trait impressions. The present study investigated, during the COVID-19 period, age-related differences in perceived trustworthiness (Study 1) and health (Study 2) when viewing faces with or without masks. Younger (YAs, 18–35 years) and older (OAs, over 65 years) adults’ ratings were compared. Through a web-based platform, a series of neutral younger and older faces (YFs vs. OFs) were presented, on a computer screen, with or without a mask (Mask vs. No-Mask), and participants were asked to rate them on a 7-point scale. Furthermore, data collected during the pandemic (Mask and No-Mask conditions) were compared with ratings obtained before it (Pre-COVID condition). Perceived trustworthiness was lower in the No-Mask condition for both age groups compared to Mask and Pre-COVID conditions, which did not differ. For health ratings, no differences emerged for OAs between the conditions, whereas YAs’ ratings were lower in both the Mask and No-Mask conditions compared to the Pre-COVID condition. The fear of contracting COVID-19 affected both trustworthiness and health ratings. Wearing a surgical face mask affects trait impressions for YAs and OAs, partly due to the fear of COVID-19. Trait impressions are also influenced by the age of the face to be evaluated.

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Section: Study 1—trustworthinesssupporting

confidence: 93%

With or without the Mask: Age Differences in Perceived Trustworthiness and Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Crosta

Ceccato

Bartolini

et al. 2023

Behavioral Sciences

Self Cite

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“…It may be mitigated in may ways, but the neurogenetic “positive approach” profile has been considered recently for astronauts. Selecting the astronauts based on biomarkers indicating better adaptation to the space environment may reduce the incidence of affective disorders and stress levels ( Mammarella et al, 2022 ). Isolation, one of the ‘five big hazards in space,’ is an important cause of psychosocial disorders.…”

Section: Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term space missions’ effects on the human organism: what we do know and what requires further research

Tomsia,

Cieśla,

Śmieszek

et al. 2024

Front. Physiol.

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Space has always fascinated people. Many years have passed since the first spaceflight, and in addition to the enormous technological progress, the level of understanding of human physiology in space is also increasing. The presented paper aims to summarize the recent research findings on the influence of the space environment (microgravity, pressure differences, cosmic radiation, etc.) on the human body systems during short-term and long-term space missions. The review also presents the biggest challenges and problems that must be solved in order to extend safely the time of human stay in space. In the era of increasing engineering capabilities, plans to colonize other planets, and the growing interest in commercial space flights, the most topical issues of modern medicine seems to be understanding the effects of long-term stay in space, and finding solutions to minimize the harmful effects of the space environment on the human body.

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“…Mood disorders in the older patient can have a severe affect on their interactions, insight, contribution and maintenance of relationships [111][112][113]. The acquired skill and knowledge held by the geriatric astronauts, who may still be working at full capacity in their work team environment, will be challenged further by enclosed spaceship environments, where changes to cognition may cause a range of unanticipated issues [114,115].…”

Section: Cognitive Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

2024

Int J Geriatr Gerontol

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The world community continues to move towards exploring the solar system, with exploration of our immediate solar system aimed at establishing intra-planetary colonies, first perhaps on our nearest Earth neighbour Mars. Long haul and intergenerational space flight, with intra-and perhaps extra-planetary colonisation, at the current level of technology, will probably create the need for geriatric space travel.Humans are uniquely adapted to a live, survive and thrive in Earth gravity (1g) of approximately 9.8m 2 . When humans move beyond this gravity and the Earth's protective gravitational field, human growth, development and physiology is impacted. This brings to the forefront two main areas of consideration: multi-morbidity and increasingly complex care needs of an active geriatric crew, whose skills, academia and practical knowledge may be required for longer, and more enduring working lives, and the physiological hostility of altered gravity environments.Whilst aging on Earth is a complex topic; altered gravity environments will bring even greater challenges. Bodily systems known to be affected by altered gravity environments include the immune, cardio-vascular and muscular-skeletal systems. Gross affects on these systems have been catalogued over the years; the most notable being rapid onset of osteopenia and osteoporosis, even after relatively short exposure to altered gravity environments of two weeks. Newer areas of study of the effects of altered gravity have broadened to include infection susceptibility and disruptions to the gastrointestinal-pulmonary and gastrointestinalskin axes. Nutritional changes caused by gastrointestinal microbiome imbalances can affect both the uptake of nutrients as well as medications, with possible impacts on cellular operations and perhaps cognition.In the altered gravity environment those individuals genetically predisposed to certain diseases may be at risk of accelerated onset of cognitive decline, immunological and physiological changes. This paper explores some of the known physiological stresses caused by altered gravity environments, highlighting the possibly of disease and aging insults that may be experienced by the geriatric astronaut.

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The Protective Role of Neurogenetic Components in Reducing Stress-Related Effects during Spaceflights: Evidence from the Age-Related Positive Memory Approach

Cited by 6 publications

References 111 publications

With or without the Mask: Age Differences in Perceived Trustworthiness and Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic

With or without the Mask: Age Differences in Perceived Trustworthiness and Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Long-term space missions’ effects on the human organism: what we do know and what requires further research

Geriatric Space Travel©

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