The Protective Role of Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera Seeds) against Aflatoxicosis in Broiler Chickens Regarding Carcass Characterstics, Hepatic and Renal Biochemical Function Tests and Histopathology.

Abstract

Harmful effects caused by aflatoxin (AF) directed researchers towards to find out new strategies for its control and detoxification increasing the safety of poultry feed. The aim of the present work was to study the protective role of date pits (Phoenix dactylifera) seeds against aflatoxicosis regarding carcass traits, biochemical function tests and histopathology of both liver and kidney in broiler chickens. 210 one-day old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were allotted into 7 equal groups as the first control (G1) supplemented by the basal diet, G2 had the basal diet with date pits supplementation 2%, G3 fed on the basal diet with date pits 4%, G4 was fed a basal diet containing 100µg aflatoxin/kg (100 ppb). G5 fed on a basal diet containing Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminum Silicates (HSCAS) 0.3% plus aflatoxin, (G6) fed a basal diet containing date pits 2% plus aflatoxin and finally G7 fed a basal diet containing date pits 4% plus aflatoxin. The aflatoxin supplemented to the broiler ration from first day to the end of experiment at 35 days. Aflatoxins supplementation significantly increased relative liver and small intestine weight, affect liver and kidney biochemical function tests and induced histopathological changes as fatty degeneration of hepatocytes, and interstitial nephritis with mononuclear cell infiltrations in both liver and kidney, respectively. However, addition of date pits (2% and 4%) and HSCAS (0.3%) to broiler's diet partially ameliorated these harmful effects of aflatoxins, indicating their protective effect against aflatoxicosis and this protection is dose-related. Addition of date palm seed (2% and 4%) gave a better results regarding carcass traits, biochemical parameters and histopathological examination of liver and kidney, finally concluding that date palm seed powder could be used as an effective feed additive to control aflatoxicosis in poultry with avoiding harmful effect of chemical mycotoxin binders (HSCAS).

Blood and Intestine Profile of Broilers Fed Averrhoa bilimbi Fruit, Wheat Bran, and Yeast Blends

“…In general, creatinine levels in the blood are linked to kidney function and the amount of protein broken down (Del Vesco et al, 2015), suggesting that the elevated creatinine level in broiler blood appeared to be caused by kidney damage. It seemed, however, not the case in our study as the level of uric acid (an indicator of kidney damage; Abdel-Sattar et al, 2019) did not differ among the treatment groups. Studies in humans revealed that creatinine is one of the major non-enzymatic antioxidants in human plasma (Fumagalli et al, 2011).…”

Protective Effect of Date Pits on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Blood Indices, Intestinal Morphology, Nutrient Digestibility, and Hepatic Aflatoxin Residues of Aflatoxin B1-Exposed Broilers

“…These results are in accordance with the former research reports. Abdel-Sattar et al [29] concluded that the inclusion of DP in broiler's diets ameliorated the hazardous influences of aflatoxins on carcass traits, biochemical parameters, and liver histopathological changes in a dose-dependent pattern. Daneshyar et al [63] stated that mannan-oligosaccharides in DP could be able to reduce the negative influences of AFB1 on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler birds.…”

“…It has also been applied as an effective adsorbent for extracting certain types of mycotoxins from contaminated milk, owing to the existence of oxygenated functional groups in its lignocellulose substrates, such as phenolic compounds [28]. Abdel-Sattar et al [29] demonstrated that the inclusion of DP into broiler feeds alleviated the detrimental influences of aflatoxicosis on carcass attributes, biochemical variables, and liver histopathological alterations in a dose-related manner. Nevertheless, to our knowledge, there is extremely limited knowledge on the usage of DP as a mycotoxin adsorbent in broiler chickens.…”

A Comprehensive Review of the Nutritional Composition and Toxicological Profile of Date Seed Coffee (Phoenix dactylifera)

“…Both groups fed with date seeds (2% and 4%, respectively) demonstrated a positive effect against the damage caused by aflatoxin comparable to or better than HSCAS. The best results were achieved with 4% date seeds mixed into the basal diet [91].…”