The protective effects of wine pomace products on the vascular endothelial barrier function

Abstract

The Wine Pomace Products (WPP) prevent the increase of endothelial permeability induced by INF-γ and increase E-cadherin expression in the cell junctions.

Dietary Flavonoids Alleviate Inflammation and Vascular Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction Induced by Advanced Glycation End Products In Vitro

“…EA.hy926 cells (1 × 10 5 cells/mL) were seeded into a 96-well plate at 200 μL per well for 24 h and then incubated with 800 μg/mL of BSA or AGEs with or without addition flavonoids for another 24 h. Thereafter, an NO test kit was used to determine cell supernatants in accordance with the instructions. Cell viability in each corresponding well determined via MTT assays was used to normalize the cellular production of NO [ 7 ].…”

“…In addition, AGEs can also induce endothelial cell damage through profilin-1 (PFN1), causing the reorganization and redistribution of endothelial cytoskeleton actin and leading to endothelial cell dysfunction [ 6 ]. Moreover, the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by AGEs is also considered a trigger for inflammation and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin endocytosis associated with the maintenance of the cytoskeleton [ 4 , 7 ]. Therefore, finding nontoxic and high-efficiency dietary bioactive compounds to improve AGEs-induced inflammation and endothelial dysfunction may be an effective strategy for preventing or alleviating chronic diseases caused by the vascular complications of diabetes.…”

“…Yu et al found that the polyphenolic substance pterostilbene in blueberries can inhibit AGEs-induced oxidative stress and inflammation [ 10 ]. Moreover, white wine pomace products (rich in polyphenols) have been found to improve endothelial dysfunction and prevent endothelial injury under hyperglycemic conditions [ 7 ]. Loke et al determined that quercetin (dietary flavonoids) reduced atherosclerosis in mice by improving endothelial dysfunction [ 11 ].…”

Wine Pomace Product Inhibit Listeria monocytogenes Invasion of Intestinal Cell Lines Caco-2 and SW-480

“…The anti- Listeria activity could be attributed to the wine pomace flavonoids that interact with soluble extracellular proteins and the bacterial cell wall [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. In addition, wine pomace prevents epithelial dysfunction and changes of permeability through the improvement of adheren junctions (E-cadherin) and tight junctions (occludin and claudin) via NF-κB pathway downregulation, which represent the mechanisms involved in L. monocytogenes intestinal invasion [ 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Recent advances in polyphenols improving vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by endogenous toxicity

“…When the NO production is restricted or its degradation is promoted under some abnormal physiological conditions, endothelial dysfunction is probably to occur (Tesauro et al, 2017). The reduction in NO bioavailability can be induced by several endogenous or exogenous stimulates including reactive oxidative species (ROS) (Incalza et al, 2018), hyperglycemia (Gerardi, Cavia‐Saiz, Rivero‐Pérez, González‐SanJosé, & Muñiz, 2020), hyperlipidemia (Lee, Kim, & Bae, 2002), inflammatory cytokines (Mohamed et al, 2020), homocysteine (Lai & Kan, 2015), uric acid (Valle et al, 2015), and nicotine (Li et al, 2018). Endothelial dysfunction has been related to a variety of cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic diseases, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, uremia, nephrosclerosis, angiocarditis, and hypertension (Palomo et al, 2020; Ungvari et al, 2018; Vanhoutte, Shimokawa, Feletou, & Tang, 2017; Zhang et al, 2018).…”