The protective effect of propolis against aluminum chloride-induced hepatorenal toxicity in albino rats

Abstract

Background: The use of natural products is an essential way to new pharmaceutical leads for the discovery and development of new drugs to treat diseases. Propolis (Pro) is a natural resinous product produced by honey bees. It has a strong cytoprotective effect against various exogenous toxic agents. The current study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effect of propolis against the toxicity of aluminum chloride (AlCl 3) on hepatorenal structure and function in male white albino rats. Methods: Thirty mature males of albino rat, Rattus rattus, weighing about 80-90g were divided into five groups contained 6 rats each. The first group acts as a control (received only saline solution); the second group (Al) had given orally 40 mg/kg b.w. of AlC1 3 , the third group (Pro) had administrated orally 150 mg/kg b.w. of propolis and the fourth group (Al+Pro) had given 40 mg/kg b.w. of AlCl 3 in the morning and 150 mg/kg b.w. of propolis in the evening. These four groups had given the treatments for two months. The fifth group (Al-Pro) had given 40 mg/kg b.w. of AlC1 3 chloride for one month then had given 40 mg/kg b.w. of AlCl 3 combined with 150 mg/kg b.w. of propolis for another month. Results: The AlCl 3-treated group showed a significant increase in the activities of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (AP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the plasma. Also, glucose, total protein, albumin, creatinine, uric acid, urea, cholesterol, and triglycerides in the plasma were significantly increased. The histological examination for the liver and kidney sections revealed marked histopathological alternations. The treatment with propolis combined with AlCl 3 improved the previous mentioned biochemical and histological alterations induced by AlCl3. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the combination of propolis with AlCl 3 alleviated the toxic effects of AlCl 3. The propolis has protective influences on the hepatorenal structure and function and could be able to resist AlCl 3 intoxication.

Protective effect of propolis against aluminum chloride-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats

“…The protective effect of propolis was confirmed by estimating the serum testosterone level which showed a highly significant increase in case of AlCl3+propolis-treated group. Consistent with the present results, previous reports confirmed the protective effects of propolis against AlCl3-induced hepatorenal toxicity in male rats [25]. Moreover, propolis has been shown to ameliorate sperm quality, reproductive organs and antioxidant status of male rats treated with cyclosporin-A [26].…”

The protective role of propolis against multi heavy metals-induced oxidative stress-hepato-renal damage in the male of albino rats

“…Nonetheless, these histopathological changes were reduced in the kidney of rats treated with propolis consequently, mild degeneration and less necrosis in renal tubules appeared with propolis as well as, normal renal corpuscles. Our ndings were in agreement with Garoui et al, (2012); Soliman et al, (2015); Okail et al, (2020).…”

“…At the same time, there was relative damage reduction in the propolis group which displayed reduction in liver damages markers that converted to; mild dilation of blood sinusoids, mild vacuolation of hepatocytes and intact endothelium of central vein. Similar observations were reported by; García-Niño & Pedraza-Chaverrí, (2014) and Okail et al, (2020). Additionally, there were renal damages in the contaminated heavy metals group appeared in, degenerated glomerulus with hyaline cast and degenerated renal.…”

Protective Effect of Honey and Propolis against Gentamicin‐Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatorenal Damages

“…These results go on hand with the findings of El-Haskoury et al [26] who reported that honey exhibited strong hepatoprotective action against CCL4-induced toxicity. Likewise, propolis extract (150 mg/kg BW) was found able to prevent kidney injury and renal dysfunction induced by aluminum chloride in rats [17].…”

“…Several reports have documented that propolis extracts possess a broad spectrum of pharmacological actions such as antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and antitumoral effects [15,16]. Moreover, it was discovered that propolis has a potent protective action in kidney and liver damages [17] which makes it an ideal preventive candidate against GENT adverse effects. It is well documented that the antioxidant capacities of natural products, including beekeeping products, are mostly associated with in vivo activities [18].…”