The Protective Effect of Pomegranate and Lemon Juices in Number of Biochemical Parameters in Blood Serum and Tissue of Local Rabbits Infected by Experimental Urolithiasis

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the protective effect of both pomegranate juice Punica granatum and Citrus juice Citrus limon in preventing the newly formed kidney stone induced by ethylene glycol in local male rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus,which was expressed by monitoring renal functions, study of the effect of oxidative stress induced by ethylene-glycol, in addition to microscopic examination of the kidney tissue. In the current study 30 male rabbits were used ranging in age from (8-10) months, and weight (1500-2000) g, divided into 6 random groups, 5 Rabbit / group, as follows:The first group : was given water and the standard diet as a control group, Group 2: was given ethylene glycol at a concentration of 1 ml / kg body weight, Group 3: was given the Pomegranate juice with a concentration of 6 ml / kg body weight, Group 4: was given the lemon juice at a concentration of 4 ml / kg body weight, Group 5: was given the ethylene glycol at a concentration of 1 ml / kg in addition to Pomegranate juice with a concentration of 6 ml / kg body weight, Group 6: was given the ethylene-glycol at a concentration of 1 ml / kg body weight as well as lemon juice at a concentration of 4 ml / kg body weight, for 30 days and two doses daily in the morning and evening. Results showed the induction of calculi by ethylene glycol in local male rabbits which resulted in negative effects in the biochemical parameters, which was a significant increase at a potential level (P≤ 0.05) in the concentration of urea, creatinine, uric acid, malodialdehyde MDA, magnesium, potassium while the concentration of glutathione GSH and calcium decreased when treated with ethylene glycol compared with control, Tissue sections of the kidney showed a clear deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in renal tissues with a damage of the epithelial tissue lining of the renal tubules with necrosis, degeneration and enlargement of renal tubules due to deposition of these crystals. The treatment of local male rabbits with pomegranate and lemon juice each alone lead to positive effects in biochemical parameters for kidney, the results also showed a non significant decrease in the level of glutathione and a significant decrease in level of blood serum MDA compared with control. Treatment of ethylene glycol with pomegranate and lemon juices alone lead to positive effects in biochemical parameters and studied electrolytes. Tissue sections of the kidney showed decrease in deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in the renal tubules and the damage caused by ethylene glycol in epithelial tissue lining of the kidney.