The protective effect of O blood type against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Franchini, Massimo; Glingani, Claudia; Fante, Claudia Del; Capuzzo, Martina; Stasi, Vincenza Di; Rastrelli, Giulia; Vignozzi, Linda; Donno, Giuseppe De; Perotti, Cesare

doi:10.1111/vox.13003

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…( A ) Blood group O odd ratios (ORs) of COVID-19 relative to the other blood groups and blood group O frequencies at various geographical locations. Odd ratios were obtained from the works in [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 14 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 22 , 24 ], and the frequencies of blood group O were those reported in the groups of controls of the corresponding studies, representing frequencies in the local populations. OR values in populations where frequencies of blood group O are below and above 40% (O < 0.4 and O > 0.4, respectively) were compared by a two-tailed Mann–Whitney test.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, soon after the beginning of the pandemic a publication from Wuhan, China, reported a higher risk of infection for people of blood group A, and inversely a lower risk for people of blood group O [ 1 ]. Since then, associations with the ABO blood groups have been described in several additional publications from China as well as many other locations from Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and North America [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Associations between ABO phenotypes were described with either the risk of infection or disease severity, although most studies did not explicitly separate these two aspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data

Pendu

Breiman

Rocher

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Since the emergence of COVID-19, many publications have reported associations with ABO blood types. Despite between-study discrepancies, an overall consensus has emerged whereby blood group O appears associated with a lower risk of COVID-19, while non-O blood types appear detrimental. Two major hypotheses may explain these findings: First, natural anti-A and anti-B antibodies could be partially protective against SARS-CoV-2 virions carrying blood group antigens originating from non-O individuals. Second, O individuals are less prone to thrombosis and vascular dysfunction than non-O individuals and therefore could be at a lesser risk in case of severe lung dysfunction. Here, we review the literature on the topic in light of these hypotheses. We find that between-study variation may be explained by differences in study settings and that both mechanisms are likely at play. Moreover, as frequencies of ABO phenotypes are highly variable between populations or geographical areas, the ABO coefficient of variation, rather than the frequency of each individual phenotype is expected to determine impact of the ABO system on virus transmission. Accordingly, the ABO coefficient of variation correlates with COVID-19 prevalence. Overall, despite modest apparent risk differences between ABO subtypes, the ABO blood group system might play a major role in the COVID-19 pandemic when considered at the population level.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data

Pendu

Breiman

Rocher

et al. 2021

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is growing evidence that COVID-19 occurs more in males [ 153 , 154 ], the elderly, and non-O blood type individuals [ 155 , 156 ]. The inflammatory responses and cytokine storm induced by SARS-CoV-2 are extremely variable [ 157 ], and prognosis is conditioned by the host response more than by the infection, since pre-existing comorbidities such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and immunosuppression strongly contribute to fatal outcomes [ 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 ].…”

Section: Development and Perspectives For Italian Public Health Gementioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Medicine and Public Health: New Challenges for Effective and Sustainable Health

Traversi¹,

Pulliero

Izzotti

et al. 2021

JPM

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The development of high-throughput omics technologies represents an unmissable opportunity for evidence-based prevention of adverse effects on human health. However, the applicability and access to multi-omics tests are limited. In Italy, this is due to the rapid increase of knowledge and the high levels of skill and economic investment initially necessary. The fields of human genetics and public health have highlighted the relevance of an implementation strategy at a national level in Italy, including integration in sanitary regulations and governance instruments. In this review, the emerging field of public health genomics is discussed, including the polygenic scores approach, epigenetic modulation, nutrigenomics, and microbiomes implications. Moreover, the Italian state of implementation is presented. The omics sciences have important implications for the prevention of both communicable and noncommunicable diseases, especially because they can be used to assess the health status during the whole course of life. An effective population health gain is possible if omics tools are implemented for each person after a preliminary assessment of effectiveness in the medium to long term.

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“… 26 This possible difference in susceptibility might be related to the presence of IgG anti-A isoagglutinins in O blood group subjects, which would prevent the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to its receptor thereby inhibiting the virus from entering into the targeted human cells. 27 …”

Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Convalescent Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Convalescent Plasma for the Treatment of Severe COVID-19

Franchini¹,

Liumbruno²

2021

BTT

Self Cite

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The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 is one of the worst catastrophic events in human history. Several non-specific antiviral drugs have been tried to defeat the SARS-CoV-2, with mixed results. Convalescent plasma from patients who have recovered from COVID-19 is one of the specific biologic therapies being considered to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. Preliminary studies have shown that convalescent plasma, containing antibodies able to neutralize SARS-CoV-2, is promising in blocking viral replication and improving patients’ clinical symptoms. The results of several ongoing randomized controlled trials are, however, keenly awaited to definitively elucidate the safety and efficacy of this blood component in COVID-19. In this narrative review, we summarize the current evidence from the literature on the treatment of severe COVID-19 with convalescent plasma. A concise overview of the hypothesized mechanisms of action is also presented.

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The protective effect of O blood type against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data

ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data

Precision Medicine and Public Health: New Challenges for Effective and Sustainable Health

Convalescent Plasma for the Treatment of Severe COVID-19

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