The protective effect of melatonin and Ganoderma lucidum against the negative effects of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields on pulp structure in rat teeth

Abstract

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether Extremely low frequency electric and magnetic field (ELF-EMF) had any harmful effects on dental pulp tissue and examine histologically whether melatonin (MLT) and Ganoderma lucidum (GL) play a protective role against these harmful effects. Material and method: A total of 56 adult, male Wistar Albino rats were used in the study. The rats were separated into 8 equal groups and were exposed to ELF-EMF, generated by high voltage source, for 8 hours/day for 26 days-Groups I, II and III and for 52 days-Groups V, VI and VII. For sham-control groups (Groups IV and VIII for 26 and 52 days), rats were placed into same experimental setup as exposure groups and same procedure was applied except ELF-EMF exposure. GL (20 mg/kg/day) and MLT (10 mg/kg/day) were administered by oral gavage and the intraperitoneal route respectively. At the end of the study, the rats anterior teeth were examined immunohistochemicaly using vimentin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results: Degeneration in the odontoblast cells, inflammatory cell infiltration, dilatation of the blood vessels and haemorrhagic changes were determined in the pulp of the rats in Groups I and V. A statistically significant difference was determined in the groups treated with MLT and GL (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that exposure to ELF-EMF induced histological changes in the dental pulp of rats, the using of MLT and GL could have a protective effect against these effects.

Protective effect of Melatonin and Ganoderma lucidum against the negative effects of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields in the periodontal tissues

“…Tissues in the dental and jaws are also influenced by EMF. Periodontal tissues and the jawbone can also be affected (13). The obtained data is not enough to explain the interaction mechanisms between ELF-MF and oral tissues.…”

Effect of electromagnetic field originating from high voltage lines on malondialdehyde level

“…Melatonin, secreted from the pineal gland, has so far proved to be a good antioxidant. At the same time, many studies have reported that melatonin is protective against oxidative stress [14,18,19,20]. Researchers investigated the effect of melatonin on lipid peroxidation during radiotherapy in female rats.…”

Determining the effect of an electromagnetic field generated by a high voltage power line on rat spermatogonia cells

“…A long-term electromagnetic field study found that testicular tissue showed no histological or morphological effects 24 . ELF-EMFs can induce histological changes in the dental pulp of rats, and the use of MLT and GI may have a protective effect against these changes 25 . In a study of mouse testes, observed degeneration and spermatogenesis in germ cells, a decrease in sertoli cells, necrosis in the epithelial germinal cells of seminiferous tubules, and atropia in seminiferous tubules 26 .…”