The protection of Thymus vulgaris leaves alcoholic extract against hepatotoxicity of alcohol in rats

El-Newary, Samah A.; Shaffie, Nermeen; Omer, Elsayed A.

doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.03.023

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Additionally, it has an anti-inflammatory effect. 14 PERK as a major element of UPR might be the key player in tramadol-induced neurotoxicity via linking both oxidative and ER stress pathways. With the insufficient information regarding the molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying tramadol toxicodynamic effects, studying its in vivo effects has become our research focus to investigate the role of oxidative and ER stress pathways through determination of biochemical, histological, and ultrastructural changes together with ER stress/apoptosis biomarkers expression in motor cerebral and cerebellar cortex of a rat model of tramadol toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative stress/PERK/apoptotic pathways interaction contribute to tramadol neurotoxicity in rat cerebral and cerebellar cortex and thyme enhances the antioxidant defense system: histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

Sarhan

Taalab

2018

Int J Sci Rep

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Background: Tramadol is an opioid analgesic with several adverse reactions. Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses have been involved in the molecular mechanisms underlying tramadol neurotoxicity. Importantly, protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) is a key ER-downstream pathway that mediates apoptosis. We aimed to determine the cellular stresses interaction that mediates PERK-induced apoptosis in tramadol-treated rats and to assess the effect of thyme in enhancing the antioxidant defense system in the face of such stresses.Methods: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into 4 groups. Control group, thyme group received thyme extract (500 mg/kg/day) orally. Tramadol group received tramadol HCL (40 mg/Kg/day) dissolved in saline orally. Tramadol + Thyme group received tramadol and thyme extract. After 30 days, frontal motor and cerebellar cortex specimens were biochemically assessed for oxidative stress biomarkers and evaluated for histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical changes. Results: Tramadol group showed a significant elevation in malondialdehyde level with a reduction in superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activities. Histologically and ultrastructurally, there were remarkable degenerative and apoptotic changes in the neurons and glial cells. In parallel, we detected a significant increase in integrated density for PERK immunostaining and number of caspase-3 positive cells/HPF compared to control. Tramadol + Thyme group showed improvement in oxidative stress parameters, histological and ultrastructural changes. Moreover, integrated density for PERK immunostaining and number of caspase-3 positive cells/HPF were significantly lower than Tramadol group.Conclusions: Oxidative and ER stress-mediated PERK/apoptosis axis corroborates to the tramadol-induced neurotoxicity. Therapeutic strategies enhancing antioxidant activity and/or blocking ROS-mediated ER stress pathway may resolve tramadol neurotoxicity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, changes in protein folding pathways produces an ROS imbalance, indirectly disturbing both ER and redox homeostasis and this response can be reversed by antioxidants like thyme vulgaris. 13,14 Thyme is a natural herb belongs to lamiacea family. It has antioxidant properties and free radical scavenger activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress/PERK/apoptotic pathways interaction contribute to tramadol neurotoxicity in rat cerebral and cerebellar cortex and thyme enhances the antioxidant defense system: histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

Sarhan

Taalab

2018

Int J Sci Rep

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“…[88] Phenolic acids and flavonoid derivatives also showed correlations with the antioxidant activity. [108] As the main compound in the methanol extract of T. dacicus, rosmarinic acid (71), which reached up to 71.33 � 1.11 mg g À 1 , possessed more remarkable antioxidant activity (FRAP values = 16.54 � 0.38 mM Fe 2 + g À 1 ) than that of both methanol extract and ascorbic acid. [104] T. quinquecostatus CLEAK extracts could protect Chang liver cells from oxidative damage induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP) through their ability to enhance the cell viability, mediate production of ROS and mitochondria function associated with cell apoptosis including membrane potential loss.…”

Section: In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Additionally, several benzoic acid derivatives have been found in Thymus genus, including protocatechuic acid (88), gallic acid (89), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (90), gentisic acid (91), syringic acid (92), vanillic acid (93), and p-hydroxy benzoic acid-O-glucoside (94). [64,71] Protocatechuic aldehyde (95) is a naturally-occurring phenolic aldehyde isolated from T. quinquecostatus var. japonica.…”

Section: Phenolic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After treatment with thymol, there were changes for the morphology of the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell. Many other components isolated from Thymus genus revealed cytotoxic activity, such as carvacrol, caffeic acid (65), and rosmarinic acid (71). [122] Apigenin (2) also has the potential to be developed as a cancer chemopreventive agent.…”

Section: Cytotoxic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Plants from the Genus Thymus

Wang

et al. 2019

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The genus Thymus (Lamiaceae) comprises about 214 species throughout the world, mainly found in North Africa, Europe, and temperate Asia zone. They are traditionally used as food additives and folk medicines. This review comprehensively summarizes information about traditional uses, chemical constituents, and biological activities of this genus and provides recommendations for future investigations. All information was gathered from scientific databases including Google Scholar, Sci‐Finder, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and CNKI. Volatile oils are the most concerned constituents of this genus. Flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, tannins, organic acids, terpenoids, and phytosterols were also summarized. This genus plants possessed a variety of activities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, cytotoxic, analgesic, and antidiabetic. In brief, this review will be helpful to provide valuable data for explorations and create more interests towards Thymus genus in the future.

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Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry profile and antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and enzyme activities of Thymus pectinatus and Thymus convolutus: in vitro and in silico approach

Akman,

Şimşek,

Akşit

et al. 2024

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study is to investigate the antiproliferative, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme activity capacities and phytochemical compositions of Thymus pectinatus (TP), Thymus convolutus (TC), which are endemic to Türkiye. Quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds in the extracts was conducted using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, targeting 53 phenolic compounds.RESULTSRosmarinic acid, quinic acid, and cynaroside were identified as the major compounds, exhibiting quantitative variation in both extracts. The extracts had a high total phenolic content, with 113.57 ± 0.58 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract for TP and 130.52 ± 1.05 mg GAE/g extract for TC. Furthermore, although both extracts exhibited high total flavonoid content; the TP extract (75.12 ± 1.65 mg quercitin equivalents (QE)/g extract) displayed a higher flavonoid content than the TC extract (30.24 ± 0.74 mg QE/g extract) did. The extracts had a promising antiproliferative effect on C6, HeLa, and HT29 cancer cell lines with a less cytotoxic effect (10.5–14.2%) against normal cells. Both extracts exhibited very potent inhibitory activity against the xanthine oxidase enzyme, with half‐maximal inhibitory concentration values of respectively 2.07 ± 0.03 μg mL−1 and 2.76 ± 0.06 μg mL−1 and moderate activity against tyrosinase and α‐glucosidase. Docking simulations proved that rosmarinic acid and cynaroside, the major components of the extracts, were the most potent inhibitors of xanthine oxidase. According to antimicrobial activity results, the TC extract exhibited moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and the TP extract had strong activity against both Enterococcus faecium and S. aureus.CONCLUSIONThese findings emphasize the beneficial effects of the two endemic Thymus species on human health and suggest their potential use as plant‐derived bioactive agents. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

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The protection of Thymus vulgaris leaves alcoholic extract against hepatotoxicity of alcohol in rats

Cited by 45 publications

References 42 publications

Oxidative stress/PERK/apoptotic pathways interaction contribute to tramadol neurotoxicity in rat cerebral and cerebellar cortex and thyme enhances the antioxidant defense system: histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

Oxidative stress/PERK/apoptotic pathways interaction contribute to tramadol neurotoxicity in rat cerebral and cerebellar cortex and thyme enhances the antioxidant defense system: histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Plants from the Genus Thymus

Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry profile and antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and enzyme activities of Thymus pectinatus and Thymus convolutus: in vitro and in silico approach

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