The prospective association between objectively measured sedentary time, moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and cardiometabolic risk factors in youth: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Skrede, Turid; Steene‐Johannessen, Jostein; Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred; Resaland, Geir Kåre; Ekelund, Ulf

doi:10.1111/obr.12758

Cited by 95 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Physical activity is associated with improved psychological well-being and lower levels of cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adolescents [1,2]. There is evidence that lower amounts of time spent being sedentary are also associated with improved physical and psychological health among children and adolescents, but it is unclear if these associations are independent of physical activity [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of BMI category with change in children’s physical activity between ages 6 and 11 years: a longitudinal study

et al. 2019

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Background/objectives To examine the association of body mass index (BMI) with change in children's physical activity and sedentary time between ages 6 and 11. Participants A total of 2132 children participated from 57 schools in Southwest England, from the B-PROACT1V study. Methods Mean minutes of MVPA and sedentary time per day were derived from accelerometer-based measurements at ages 6, 9 and 11. Linear multilevel models examined the association of BMI categories with MVPA and sedentary time between 6 and 11, adjusting for seasonality, wear time, gender and household education. Differences in change over time were examined using interaction terms. Results Average weekday MVPA decreased between ages 6 and 11 by 2.2 min/day/year (95% CI: 1.9 to 2.5), with a steeper decline at weekends. Average sedentary time increased at a rate of 12.9 min/day/year (95% CI: 12.2 to 13.6). There were no differences in mean levels of MVPA by BMI categories at age 6, but differences emerged as children aged, with the gap between children who were healthy weight and overweight increasing by 1.7 min/day (95% CI: 0.8-2.6) every year, and between healthy and obese by 2.0 min/day (95% CI: 0.9-3.1) each year. Children who were overweight/obese engaged in less average weekday sedentary time at age 6 than those of healthy weight, but the gap closed by age 11. Conclusion MVPA declines and sedentary time increases on average for all children between ages 6 and 11. While there are no differences in activity levels by BMI category at age 6, differences in MVPA emerge over time for those who are overweight and obese. Developing interventions that support children to retain activity levels as they approach older childhood, particularly those who are overweight/obese could improve public health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of BMI category with change in children’s physical activity between ages 6 and 11 years: a longitudinal study

et al. 2019

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“…A large cross-sectional study, including pooled data from 14 studies and 20.871 children and adolescents found favorable levels of waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, insulin, and HDL-C among children and adolescents who spent more time in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), independent of the amount of time spent sedentary [6]. The evidence from prospective studies also supports a protective association between physical activity (PA), overall sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk-markers in children and youth [7][8][9]. Other modifiable behavioral factors influencing markers of cardiometabolic health during childhood and adolescence include sleep-duration and energy intake [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Weekly variation in markers of cardiometabolic health – the possible effect of weekend behavior – a cross-sectional study

Hansen

Pedersen

Tarp

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Adolescents’ health-related behavior varies from weekday to weekend. Only few studies, however, have examined to which degree such variation will affect markers of cardiometabolic health. Therefore, the primary aim of this study is to examine if markers of cardiometabolic health differ between different days of the week in adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional school-based study included up to 581 participants, 11–17 years old. Markers of metabolic health were insulin, glucose, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and blood pressure. Linear mixed regression modelling was used to examine the cardiometabolic profile across weekdays. Results Significant declining trends were observed across the week in adolescents’ levels of cardiometabolic health markers. Lower levels of insulin (16.1%), glucose (2.6%) and triglyceride (24.7%) were observed on Fridays compared to Mondays (p ≤ 0.006). Gradual improvement in measurement profiles across weekdays was less apparent for HDL-C, LDL-C, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (P ≥ 0.06). Analyses stratified by sex suggested a more noticeable pattern of gradual improvement across weekdays in boys than in girls. Conclusion Significantly lower levels of insulin, glucose and triglyceride were observed in adolescents on Fridays compared to Mondays. However, when sex specific analyses were performed significant profile variations were only observed across the week in boys. More research is needed to better understand which behavioral factors in particular seem to influence weekly variation in markers of cardiometabolic health - especially since such variation potentially will have an impact on how assessments of markers of cardiometabolic health optimally should be planned, standardized and carried out, both in research and in medical practice.

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“…It is well known that participation in regular physical activity (PA) is important for both physical and mental health [1]. Among adolescents, cross-sectional and prospective studies have reported inverse associations between device measured PA, adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors [2][3][4]. PA is also associated with mental health, when mental health is restricted to the outcomes of depression, anxiety, self-esteem and cognitive functioning [5,6].…”

Section: Registered' Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the effect of increased physical activity in lower secondary school adolescents: The study protocol for the School in Motion (ScIM) study – a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Kolle

Solberg

Grydeland

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Participation in regular physical activity (PA) is important for both physical and mental health, and positive associations have also been reported between PA and academic performance. However, PA levels decline markedly during adolescence. School in motion (ScIM) is a school-based PA intervention carried out over one school year, in a sample of 14-year-old girls and boys. The primary aim was to investigate whether two extra hours of PA weekly lead to increases in the adolescents’ accelerometer assessed PA levels. Secondary aims were to investigate the intervention effects on time spent in PA of different intensities, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, mental health, academic performance and learning environment. ffigMethods & design: This is a multicenter, school-based, three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) recruiting ninth graders from lower secondary schools in Norway. A total of 2084 14-year-olds from 29 schools were included, yielding a participation rate of 76 %. Schools (clusters) were randomly assigned to one of three study arms: (1) the physical active learning (PAL) intervention arm, (2) the don't worry-be happy (DWBH) intervention arm, or (3) current practice (control arm). All schools participating in ScIM had two or three mandatory PE-lessons per week. Schools in the two intervention arms added two hours of PA and PE to the class schedule each week. PA was assessed by accelerometers at baseline, midpoint and at the end of the intervention. All other variables were tested at baseline and at the end of the intervention. The measures included cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, mental health (general mental health, quality of life and self-perception) academic performance (standardized national tests in reading and numeracy) and learning environment. Qualitative interviews were performed with students, teachers and school management to obtain an in-depth understanding of pedagogical processes taking place during the intervention.Discussion: This study will inform what effect two added hours of PA during the school week can have on adolescents’ PA levels, their health, academic performance and learning environment. Further, the study will add valuable information if the two PA interventions will generate different effects on important factors for learning and health.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov ID nr: NCT03817047. Registered 01/25/2019 ‘retrospectively registered’

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The prospective association between objectively measured sedentary time, moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and cardiometabolic risk factors in youth: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cited by 95 publications

References 93 publications

Association of BMI category with change in children’s physical activity between ages 6 and 11 years: a longitudinal study

Association of BMI category with change in children’s physical activity between ages 6 and 11 years: a longitudinal study

Weekly variation in markers of cardiometabolic health – the possible effect of weekend behavior – a cross-sectional study

Evaluating the effect of increased physical activity in lower secondary school adolescents: The study protocol for the School in Motion (ScIM) study – a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

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