The prospect of vaccination against group a β-hemolytic streptococci

Kotloff, Karen L.

doi:10.1007/s11908-008-0032-9

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Dale cited the complexity associated with Group A streptococcus (GAS) where as many as 170 serotypes have been identified[32]. Naturally acquired serum bactericidal antibodies could provide protection from infection with homologous strains, but provide little protection against heterologous strains[33, 34].…”

Section: B Common Themesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of serologic assays to support efficacy of vaccines in nonclinical and clinical trials: Meeting at the Crossroads

Madore¹,

Meade

Rubin

et al. 2010

Vaccine

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In May 2009 the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases hosted a workshop on serologic assays that support vaccine efficacy evaluations. The meeting promoted exchange of ideas among investigators from varying disciplines who are working on anti-infectious agent vaccines at different stages of development. The presentations and discussions at the workshop illustrated the challenges common across various pathogens with recurring themes: 1) A thorough understanding of the science regarding the pathogen and the host response to disease and immunization is fundamental to assay Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptVaccine. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 June 23. 2) The intended use of the immunoassay data must be clearly defined to ensure appropriate specificity, accuracy, and precision; a laboratory must also commit resources to assure data quality and reliability. 3) During vaccine development, an immunoassay may evolve with respect to quality, purpose, and degree of standardization, and, in some cases, must be changed or replaced as data are accumulated. 4) Collaboration on standardized reagents and methods, harmonization efforts, and multidisciplinary teams facilitates consistent generation of quality data. This report provides guidance for effective development and utilization of immunoassays based on the lessons learned from currently licensed vaccines. Investigators are encouraged to create additional opportunities for scientific exchange, noting that the discussed themes are relevant for immunoassays used for other purposes such as therapeutics and diagnostics. Keywords serology; vaccine; immunoassay A. IntroductionOn May 5-6, 2009, in Bethesda MD, the Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) hosted a workshop on the use of serologic assays to support vaccine efficacy in clinical studies. The purpose of this meeting was to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas among researchers and clinicians and to identify some common themes across pathogens and technologies regarding the development and use of immunoassays. Participants in the meeting were those involved in vaccine or immunotherapeutic development programs that have been evaluated in clinical trials as well as those that are expected to enter Phase I clinical trials in the near future. Also attending were regulatory reviewers involved in evaluation of clinical and non-clinical assay data.Generation of clinical data demonstrating efficacy and safety remain the gold st...

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Section: B Common Themesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of serologic assays to support efficacy of vaccines in nonclinical and clinical trials: Meeting at the Crossroads

Madore¹,

Meade

Rubin

et al. 2010

Vaccine

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“…Group A streptococcal contain different virulence factors which include outer hyaluronic acid capsule and a layer of group A carbohydrate, a polymer of rhamnose with N-acetyl glucosamine side chains (Kotloff, 2008).Also have molecules of M protein which is attached to the bacterial membrane (Kotloff, 2008).The M protein is a major surface protein of GAS. It binds complement regulatory protein factor H and inhibit phagocytosis (Mora et al, 2005).Other virulence factors expressed at the surface of Streptococcal pyogenes (GAS) are C5a peptidase and Serum opacity factor (SOF).…”

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confidence: 99%

Group A Streptococcus pharyngitis among schoolchildren in Mbulu District, Tanzania

Makuka

Mwakalinga

Mattaka

et al. 2016

Tanzania J Hlth Res

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Streptococcal pharyngitis continues to be one of the most common childhood illnesses throughout the world. Recent evidence indicates an increased incidence of group A Streptococcal (GAS) infections, which is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity on the global scale. The objective of this study was to determine prevalence of group A Streptococcus infection among primary schoolchildren in Mbulu district, northern Tanzania. This study was carried out in five primary schools, namely Mangisha, Gunyoda, Kainam, Hyloto and Tsaayo. GAS pharyngitis was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by laboratory investigation using a rapid test. A total of 320 study participants were recruited in the study. Overall, more than half (53.8%) of the children were females. The overall prevalence of Group a Streptococcal infection was 6.9% (95%CI [4.4-10.2]). The highest frequency of GAS infection was observed among children at Hyloto primary school (14.3%) while, none of the children in Tsaayo had GAS infection. This study potentially indicates that group A Streptococcal infection prevalent among schoolchildren in Mbulu district calling for the need of education to create awareness of the condition in the community.

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The prospect of vaccination against group a β-hemolytic streptococci

Cited by 2 publications

References 64 publications

Utilization of serologic assays to support efficacy of vaccines in nonclinical and clinical trials: Meeting at the Crossroads

Utilization of serologic assays to support efficacy of vaccines in nonclinical and clinical trials: Meeting at the Crossroads

Group A Streptococcus pharyngitis among schoolchildren in Mbulu District, Tanzania

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