The Prospect of Nanoinsecticide in Controlling Citrus Aphids Aphis gossypii

Abstract

Nanotechnology is utilized in various fields including agriculture, one of which is in the botanical insecticide formulation. The material used for the formulation of botanical insecticide nano emulsion was tobacco leaf, which was applied to the citrus aphids, Aphis gossypii. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of botanical insecticide from tobacco leaves in the form of nano emulsion compared to crude extracts. The test was carried out at 4 concentration levels, 0.01%, 0.1%, 1% and 10% and was accompanied by control and two synthetic insecticides in the form of formulation, imidacloprid 0.05% and dimethoate 0.1%. The results showed that nano emulsions were more effective than crude extracts. The effective concentrations were 1% and 10%. The mortality at 1% and 10% concentrations of crude extract were 58% and 100%, while the mortality of nano emulsiuons were 100% and 96% at 48 HAA, respectively. The mortality of nano emulsion was significantly different to the control and not significantly different to the two synthetic insecticides. The LD 50 values of crude extract and nano emulsion were 0.73% and 0.14% and the LD 90 values were 2.65% and 1.69% at 48 HAA, respectively. Thus, the tobacco botanical insecticide in nanoemulsion form was more effective than the crude extract, so that it could be used as a prospective controlling material against citrus aphids A. gossypii.

Nanobiopesticides in sustainable agriculture: developments, challenges, and perspectives

“…117–120 For example, Iqbal et al developed a stable neem oil-based nanoemulsion (NE) formulation with bio-inspired adjuvant of Cymbopogon citratus and Prosopis juliflora with long-term storage stability that showed significant insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci in eggplant (91.24%) by reducing the surface tension and contact angle. 121 Wuryantini et al compared the efficacy of tobacco plant-derived insecticide nanoemulsion and crude extract and found that the nanoemulsion had better control effect on Citrus aphids than the crude extract, 122 indicating that the use of nanoagents has broad prospects in improving the utilization of active ingredients of plant-derived pesticides.…”

Nano-bioformulations: emerging trends and potential applications in next generation crop protection

“…140 Wuryantini et al found that the nanoemulsion insecticide derived from tobacco plants exhibited superior control over citrus aphids (Toxoptera aurantii) compared to the crude extract, suggesting that nano-agents offer diverse applications for enhancing the utilization of active ingredients in plant-based pesticides. 141 Integrating polymers into formulations of botanical pesticides to generate nanospheres or nanocapsules can reduce the loss of active ingredients while maintaining controlled release. Encapsulating essential oils at a microscale level can enhance their resistance to oxidation, thermal stability, biological activity, and shelf life, as well as control their volatility and release properties.…”

“…140 Wuryantini et al found that the nano-emulsion insecticide derived from tobacco plants exhibited superior control over citrus aphids ( Toxoptera aurantii ) compared to the crude extract, suggesting that nano-agents offer diverse applications for enhancing the utilization of active ingredients in plant-based pesticides. 141…”