“…Most current studies on the migration characteristics of suspended particles in porous media focus on physical, chemical, and biological processes, in particular, the effects of particle size (Cui, Fan, & Wang, 2019; Cui, Fan, Wang, & Huang, 2019; Shaniv et al, 2021), flow rate (Ahfir et al, 2007; Alem et al, 2013; Sasidharan et al, 2014; Won et al, 2020), chemical environment (Mek et al, 2020), heavy metal ions (Bai et al, 2020; Nie et al, 2021), and microbial microplastics (Chrysikopoulos & Aravantinou, 2014; Dong et al, 2021; Jiang et al, 2021; Kim & Walker, 2009; Lumbangaol et al, 2021; Wang et al, 2022) at room temperature. Temperature is another very essential consideration for heat pump systems for groundwater.…”