The promoter of the <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> plastocyanin gene contains a far upstream enhancer‐like element involved in chloroplast‐dependent expression

Vorst, Oscar; Kock, Patricia; Lever, Alice; Weterings, Bettina; Weisbeek, Peter; Smeekens, Sjef

doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.1993.04060933.x

Cited by 39 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…To verify that the psi2 mutation did not modify ATP or coenzyme A levels, we crossed a psi2 plant lacking the cab2 :: ⍀ :: luc transgene into a transgenic plant containing a plastocyanin promoter-luc transgene (Vorst et al, 1993). None of the F 2 progeny (205 seedlings examined from six F 1 plants) exhibited red light pulse-induced luciferase activity beyond the level of the transgenic control (data not shown).…”

Section: Genetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variations in cellular ATP or coenzyme A concentration could interfere with luciferase activity because the luciferase enzyme uses these compounds for the photon emission process (Millar et al, 1992a). To verify that the psi2 mutation did not modify ATP or coenzyme A levels, we crossed a psi2 plant lacking the cab2 :: ⍀ :: luc transgene into a transgenic plant containing a plastocyanin promoter-luc transgene (Vorst et al, 1993). None of the F 2 progeny (205 seedlings examined from six F 1 plants) exhibited red light pulse-induced luciferase activity beyond the level of the transgenic control (data not shown).…”

Section: Genetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Arabidopsis Mutant Hypersensitive to Red and Far-Red Light Signals

et al. 1998

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A new mutant called psi2 (for p hytochrome si gnaling) was isolated by screening for elevated activity of a chlorophyll a / b binding protein-luciferase ( CAB2-LUC ) transgene in Arabidopsis. This mutant exhibited hypersensitive induction of CAB1 , CAB2 , and the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase ( RBCS ) promoters in the very low fluence range of red light and a hypersensitive response in hypocotyl growth in continuous red light of higher fluences. In addition, at high-but not low-light fluence rates, the mutant showed light-dependent superinduction of the pathogenrelated protein gene PR-1a and developed spontaneous necrotic lesions in the absence of any pathogen. Expression of genes responding to various hormone and environmental stress pathways in the mutant was not significantly different from that of the wild type. Analysis of double mutants demonstrated that the effects of the psi2 mutation are dependent on both phytochromes phyA and phyB. The mutation is recessive and maps to the bottom of chromosome 5. Together, our results suggest that PSI2 specifically and negatively regulates both phyA and phyB phototransduction pathways. The induction of cell death by deregulated signaling pathways observed in psi2 is reminiscent of retinal degenerative diseases in animals and humans. INTRODUCTIONBecause light provides the energy source for photosynthesis, plants must adapt to changes in ambient light quantity and quality to optimize the efficiency of this important process. The results of this adaptation are apparent: almost every step of plant development, from seed germination to fruit maturation, is dependent on light. Moreover, light regulates the circadian rhythm, the adaptative size modification of tissue and organs, and the expression of photosynthetic genes and many other known and unknown genes (Terzaghi and Cashmore, 1995).To date, what we know about light information processing and signal transduction concerns the nature and function of photoreceptors. A family of photoreceptors called phytochromes has been shown to be involved in the perception of red and far-red light. Their biochemical and molecular properties and physiological roles are now well described (reviewed in Quail et al., 1995;Smith, 1995). In addition, a longpostulated UV and blue light receptor (cryptochrome) was recently characterized by Ahmad and Cashmore (1993). Mutants lacking one or several of these receptors have provided useful information concerning the role of individual photoreceptors and their interaction in transducing light signals (reviewed in Barnes et al., 1997).Much less is known concerning molecules that link light perception to gene activation. The CONSTITUTIVE PHOTO-MORPHOGENIC/DEETIOLATED/FUSCA (COP/DET/FUS) class of proteins has been suggested to play an important role in regulating the repression of light-inducible genes and the maintenance of skotomorphogenesis (Chory et al., 1989). For some of these proteins, the genes have been cloned and include COP1 (Deng et al., 1992), DET1 (Pepper et al., ...

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Section: Genetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An Arabidopsis Mutant Hypersensitive to Red and Far-Red Light Signals

et al. 1998

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“…By contrast, seedlings germinated in the light have green expanded cotyledons and short hypocotyls. Molecularly, light induces the expression of many nuclear-encoded photosynthesis genes, such as CAB (encoding chlorophyll a/b binding proteins), RBCS (encoding the small subunit of ribulose-l 3-bisphosphate), and PC (encoding plastocyanin; reviewed in Thompson and White, 1991;Vorst et al, 1993). The perception of light is mediated by several light receptors that absorb light of different wavelengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expression of the Arabidopsis PC gene has been studied in some detail (Vorst et al, 1988(Vorst et al, , 1993Fisscher et al, 1994Fisscher et al, , 1996Dijkwel et al, 1996). The expression of this gene can be induced by phytochrome through modulation of its promoter activity (P.P.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sucrose Control of Phytochrome A Signaling in Arabidopsis

Dijkwel¹,

Huijser²,

Weisbeek³

et al. 1997

The Plant Cell

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The expression of the Arabidopsis plastocyanin (PC) gene is developmentally controlled and regulated by light. During seedling development, PC gene expression is transiently induced, and this induction can be repressed by sucrose. In transgenic seedlings carrying a PC promoter-luciferase fusion gene, the luciferase-induced in vivo luminescence was similarly repressed by sucrose. From a mutagenized population of such transgenic seedlings, we selected for mutant seedlings that displayed a high luminescence leve1 when grown on a medium with 3% sucrose. This screening of mutants resulted in the isolation of several sucrose-uncoupled (sun) mutants showing reduced repression of luminescence by sucrose. Analysis of the sun mutants revealed that the accumulation of PC and chlorophyll a/b binding protein (CAB) mRNA was also sucrose uncoupled, although the extent of uncoupling varied. The effect of sucrose on far-red light high-irradiance responses was studied in wild-type, sunl, sun6, and sun7 seedlings. In wild-type seedlings, sucrose repressed the far-red light-induced cotyledon opening and inhibition of hypocotyl elongation. sun7 seedlings showed reduced repression of these responses. Sucrose also repressed the far-red light-induced block of greening in wild-type seedlings, and both sun6 and sun7 were affected in this response. The results provide evidence for a close interaction between sucrose and light signaling pathways. Moreover, the sun6 and sun7 mutants genetically identify separate branches of phytochrome A-dependent signal transduction pathways.

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“…The pattern of expression of the PC gene is similar to that of several other nuclearencoded genes, such as CAB and RBCS, encoding chlorophyll a/b binding proteins and small subunits of Rubisco, respectively. PC gene expression is regulated by light, shows tissue-specific expression and is also dependent on the presence of functional chloroplasts (Dijkwel et al, 1996;Vorst et al, 1993). A 1580 bp promoter fragment was found to be sufficient to direct tissue-specific and light control of gene expression of the firefly luciferase reporter gene in transgenic Arabidopsis (Dijkwel etal., 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Arabidopsis mutant showing reduced feedback inhibition of photosynthesis

et al. 1997

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SummaryMany plant genes are responsive to sugars but the mechanisms used by plants to sense sugars are unknown, A genetic approach has been used in Arabidopsis to identify genes involved in perception and transduction of sugar signals. For this purpose, an in vivo reporter system was established consisting of the light-and sugar-regulated plastocyanin promoter, fused to the luciferase coding sequence (PC-LUC construct). At the seedling stage, expression of the PC-LUC gene is repressed by sucrose, and a number of sucrose-uncoupled (sun) mutants were selected in which sucrose is unable to repress the activity of the PC promoter. Three mutants have been characterized in more detail. The sugar analog 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) was used to repress whole plant photosynthesis, PC-LUC gene expression and total ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate activity. It was found that the sun6 mutation makes plants unresponsive to these 2DG-induced effects. Moreover, unlike wild-type plants, sun6 mutants are insensitive to elevated levels of glucose in the growth medium, These findings suggest that the SUN6gene is active in a hexoseactivated signal transduction pathway.

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The promoter of the Arabidopsis thaliana plastocyanin gene contains a far upstream enhancer‐like element involved in chloroplast‐dependent expression

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

An Arabidopsis Mutant Hypersensitive to Red and Far-Red Light Signals

An Arabidopsis Mutant Hypersensitive to Red and Far-Red Light Signals

Sucrose Control of Phytochrome A Signaling in Arabidopsis

An Arabidopsis mutant showing reduced feedback inhibition of photosynthesis

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