The promise of the gut microbiome as part of individualized treatment strategies

Schupack, Daniel; Mars, Ruben A. T.; Voelker, Dayne; Abeykoon, Jithma P.; Kashyap, Purna C.

doi:10.1038/s41575-021-00499-1

Cited by 68 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 256 publications

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“…Furthermore, the definition of a whole bacteria phylum as “healthy” can be misleading as single members at the strain level and within the same genus can contribute to homeostasis or disease progression. A good example is Prevotella , which has been classified both as a beneficial bacterium ( P. histicola ) or a detrimental bacterium ( P. copri ) in rheumatoid arthritis ( 169 ). Thus, strategies arising from a better understanding of molecular mechanisms, especially the mode of action of bacterial-derived small molecules are needed.…”

Section: Pharmacological Significance and Therapeutic Innovationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial metabolites: cause or consequence in gastrointestinal disease?

Fobofou

Savidge

2022

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Systems biology studies have established that changes in gastrointestinal microbiome composition and function can adversely impact host physiology. Notable diseases synonymously associated with dysbiosis include inflammatory bowel diseases, cancers, metabolic disorders, opportunistic and recurrent pathogen infections. However, there is a scarcity of mechanistic data that advances our understanding of taxonomic correlations with pathophysiologic host-microbiome interactions. Generally, in order to survive a hostile gut environment, microbes are highly metabolically active and produce trans-kingdom signaling molecules to interact with competing microorganisms and the host. These specialized metabolites likely play important homeostatic roles and identifying disease-specific taxa and their effector pathways can provide better strategies for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, as well as the discovery of innovative therapeutics. The signaling role of microbial biotransformation products such as bile acids, short chain fatty acids, polysaccharides and dietary tryptophan is increasingly recognized, but little is known about the identity and function of metabolites that are synthetized by microbial biosynthetic gene clusters. Here we consider how bioactive natural products directly encoded by the human microbiome can contribute to the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal disease, cancer, autoimmune, antimicrobial-resistant bacterial and viral infections (including COVID-19). We also present strategies used to discover these compounds and the biological activities they exhibit, with consideration of therapeutic interventions that could emerge from understanding molecular causation in gut microbiome research.

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Section: Pharmacological Significance and Therapeutic Innovationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial metabolites: cause or consequence in gastrointestinal disease?

Fobofou

Savidge

2022

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…Furthermore, there is a lack of long-term experiments and follow-up. Since in many clinical studies, the response to a certain bodyweight control intervention is not the same for each individual, in the future it is essential to always include baseline gut microbiota assessment and focus on individual response to intervention longitudinally [ 6 ]. This could help understand the temporal relationship between gut microbiota and metabolic changes, and is key for determining causality in human studies.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several pathological conditions, including metabolic, mental, immune diseases, and cancer, have been associated with an alteration in the configuration and function of the gut microbiota [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] ]. Therefore, there is growing interest in identifying microbiota-targeted therapeutic strategies [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota and body weight control: Weight watchers within?

Boscaini

Leigh

Lavelle

et al. 2022

Molecular Metabolism

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“…The human microbiome, which consists of the microbial communities inhabiting the human body, has sparked growing excitement in both basic research and clinical practice. 1,2 Gut microbiota, in particular, has been considered a major environmental factor in modulating immune responses in autoimmune diseases (ADs). 3,4 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototype AD characterized by dysregulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses, autoantibody production, multiorgan involvement, and upregulation of interferon-stimulated genes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gut microbiome can be affected by a number of factors, such as diet, genetics, age, and lifestyle. 1 It is unclear whether the plasma microbiome is also affected by these factors. Azzouz et al have shown that the gut microbiome of SLE patients with higher SLEDAI scores had greater restrictions in taxonomic diversity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%