The Promise of Environmentally Benign Redox Flow Batteries by Molecular Engineering

Ding, Yu; Yu, Guihua

doi:10.1002/anie.201701254

Cited by 57 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Regarding potentially green and cost-efficient energy storage, organic active materials have stood out as promising redox species in recent years. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Here, the large size difference between organic active materials and charge carriers could enable GO membranes to achieve high rejection of active species and high ionic conductivity simultaneously, as depicted in Figure 1A. Because GO sheets are chemically stable in various environments, the stacked GO membrane is potentially applicable for diverse redox molecular species in neutral, acidic, or alkaline solutions.…”

Section: The Bigger Picturementioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Graphene-Oxide-Based Membranes for Large-Scale Energy Storage by Controlling Hydrophilic Microstructures

Ding

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2018

Chem

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Graphene-based membranes have been explored in different energy and environmental applications. The 2D nanochannel structure and low frictional water flow inside micrometer-thick graphene oxide (GO) laminates make them attractive candidates for large-scale energy storage systems. Through the design of large size differences between charge carriers and redox species, GO membranes can achieve high rejection and high ionic conductivity in various solutions. Furthermore, tailoring the degree of oxidation or using bacterial cellulose as the hybrid component shows the flexibility to tune the microstructure and ionic transport of GO-based membranes. As a separator, GO membranes can achieve a rejection of >95% for a number of active species, and the ionic conductivity can reach 1.7 3 10 À2 S cm À1 in 1 M H 2 SO 4 electrolytes. Redox flow batteries with GO-based separators show a charge-discharge profile similar to that of commercial Nafion 212 and achieve a stable cycling performance with a high Coulombic efficiency of $98%.

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Section: The Bigger Picturementioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Graphene-Oxide-Based Membranes for Large-Scale Energy Storage by Controlling Hydrophilic Microstructures

Ding

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2018

Chem

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“…and achieve sustainable and ''green'' electrochemical energy storage. 6,7 Given that resource-abundant redox-active organic molecules have been advocated to replace inorganic materials in traditional RFBs, recently, aqueous organic RFBs (AORFBs) and nonaqueous organic RFBs (NAORFBs) have received increasing attention as viable alternatives. Besides the general technical merits of RFBs discussed above, AORFBs have several outstanding advantages for large-scale energy storage, five of which are outlined here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designer Two-Electron Storage Viologen Anolyte Materials for Neutral Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries

Debruler

Moss

et al. 2017

Chem

303

335

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Liu and co-workers reported a series of rationally designed two-electron storage viologen molecules as anolytes for high-voltage and high-power pH-neutral aqueous organic redox flow batteries. The synthetic and computational chemistry presented has opened a new avenue for designing energy-dense redox-active organic molecules for building neutral AORFBs with high power density and high energy density, and it promises economical, benign, and widespread uses of redox flow batteries in large-scale energy storage. HIGHLIGHTSTwo-electron storage viologens were designed for energy-storage applications Neutral aqueous organic redox flow batteries up to 1.38 V and 130 mW/cm 2 An integrated approach of synthesis, electrochemistry, and computational modelling Molecular engineering is a powerful strategy for developing redox-active molecules DeBruler et al., Chem 3, 961-978 December 14, 2017 ª SUMMARYAqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) are highly attractive for largescale energy storage because redox-active organic molecules are synthetically tunable, sustainable, and potentially low cost. Here, we show that rational molecular engineering yielded a series of two-electron storage viologen molecules as anolyte materials for AORFBs. In neutral NaCl solutions, these viologen anolytes have a theoretical capacity of up to 96.5 Ah/L in H 2 O and exhibit a reduction potential as low as À0.78 V versus normal hydrogen electrode. The neutral aqueous flow batteries with two two-electron storage viologen molecules delivered a cell voltage of up to 1.38 V and outstanding battery performance, including a power density of up to 130 mW/cm 2 , capacity retention of up to 99.99% per cycle, and energy efficiency of up to 65% at 60 mA/cm 2 . Density functional theory calculations revealed that the 1e À and 2e À reduced redox states of these molecules were stabilized by the high charge delocalization of their frontier SOMO or HOMO.

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“…As one of the most promising energy storage systems, vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) have attracted much attention due to their safe operation, separately adjustable power and capacity, long cycle life, facile maintenance, and environmental friendliness . The ion exchange membranes (IEMs), one of the key components responsible for the VRFB performance, act as barriers to separate the active species in the anode and cathode of the batteries .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphoteric Membranes Based on Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone and Imidazolium‐Functionalized Polyphenylene Oxide for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Applications

Chu

et al. 2019

ChemElectroChem

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Amphoteric membranes were obtained from imidazoliumfunctionalized polyphenylene oxide (ImPPO) and sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) for an all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) application. The SPEEK/ImPPO amphoteric membranes showed a considerably lower swelling degree and water uptake compared to those of pure SPEEK membranes, owing to the formation of ionic bonds between the cationic imidazolium groups of ImPPO and the anionic sulfonate groups of SPEEK. The cationic imidazolium groups of the ImPPO exhibited a Donnan exclusion effect on vanadium ions; therefore, the amphoteric membranes showed a much lower vanadium permeability than the pure SPEEK membrane. In addition, the vanadium permeability of the amphoteric membranes deceased with an increase in the ImPPO content. SPEEK-ImPPO20 with 20 wt% ImPPO showed a vanadium permeability of 0.43 × 10 À 9 cm 2 s À 1 at room temperature, which is 17 times lower than that of Nafion 212 (8 × 10 À 9 cm 2 s À 1 ). The VRFB assembled with SPEEK-ImPPO20 showed a coulombic efficiency of 97.2 % and a voltage efficiency of 85.8 % at a current density of 60 mA cm À 2 , whereas the values for Nafion 212 were 92.4 % and 86.7 % under the same conditions. In addition, the VRFB assembled with SPEEK-ImPPO20 exhibited much better capacity retention than that assembled with Nafion 212. These results indicate that the SPEEK-ImPPO amphoteric membrane is a promising material for VRFB applications.[a] Dr.

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The Promise of Environmentally Benign Redox Flow Batteries by Molecular Engineering

Cited by 57 publications

References 25 publications

Enabling Graphene-Oxide-Based Membranes for Large-Scale Energy Storage by Controlling Hydrophilic Microstructures

Enabling Graphene-Oxide-Based Membranes for Large-Scale Energy Storage by Controlling Hydrophilic Microstructures

Designer Two-Electron Storage Viologen Anolyte Materials for Neutral Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries

Amphoteric Membranes Based on Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone and Imidazolium‐Functionalized Polyphenylene Oxide for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Applications

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