The Progress in the Electrolytes for Solid State Sodium‐Ion Battery

Abstract

and electric vehicle broadly, [1] while the lower lithium resource reserve in the earth limits the application for the large scale energy storage in the future. Owing to the earth abundant element reserve of Na in the earth's crust and excellent electrochemical performance of sodium-ion battery, which is an alternative choice to meet the large-scale energy storage system (ESS) for the construction of smart grid and energy internet.Solid sodium-ion battery enjoys high security, high energy density, and shape variability, which is very promising for the application in large-scale ESS. [2,3] Solid electrolytes are key component to provide the transfer of charges by ion movement between two electrodes. However, the low ionic conductivity and poor interface between solid electrolyte and electrode limit the industrial application of solid sodium-ion battery. It is very important for the comprehensive understanding of solid electrolyte/electrode interface mechanism and science and technology problem, as well as the development tendency of solid sodium-ion battery.The overall sodium-ion battery technologies have been reviewed broadly. However, solid electrolyte and interface is rarely concerned yet. Review on sodium-ion battery solid electrolyte and interface is meaningful to design solid sodium-ion battery and improve the safety. The research focus on Na-ion batteries has drastically increased in recent years after 2010, our review mainly provides detailed and comprehensive research progress for sodium-ion battery solid polymer electrolyte and inorganic solid-state electrolyte systems (Figure 1).

Strategies to improve the ionic conductivity of quasi-solid-state electrolytes based on metal-organic frameworks

“…Finally, it is necessary to investigate the mechanism of MOFs with specific morphologies and functional groups in various electrolyte systems, such as sodium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, and aqueous zinc-air batteries [98][99][100][101]. Although the main focus of MOFs-QSSEs research is lithium-ion battery systems, many mechanisms in other electrolyte systems remain to be clarified.…”

Length-Scale-Dependent Ion Dynamics in Ca-Doped Na3PS4

“…Besides Na-ion batteries with liquid electrolytes, ,, we have witnessed an increasing demand for solid or even ceramic Na-ion conductors − as they might pave the way toward safe, nonflammable all-solid-state Na-battery systems. − Only few groups of solid electrolytes have been considered so far for the use in Na-ion batteries, such as β″-alumina, NASICON-type (Na superionic conductor) materials, − and the sodium variants of the well-known Li + conductor LGPS (Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 ), which are based on Na 11 Sn 2 PS 12 . In particular, among these promising ionic conductors, we also find Na 3 PS 4 , first reported in 1992 to have an ionic conductivity of approximately 4.2 × 10 –6 S cm –1 at ambient temperature .…”

Built‐In Electric Field of In Situ Formed Artificial Interface Layer Induces Fast and Uniform Sodium‐Ions Transmission to Achieve a Long‐Term Stable Sodium Metal Battery Under Harsh Conditions

“…Solid‐state batteries are safer, but SSE has a low ionic conductivity and poor compatibility with electrodes, making its electrochemical performance unsatisfactory. [ 9 ] Designing an artificial interface layer with different sodiophilic compounds, metals (Au, Ag, and Sn), or alloys can prevent direct contact between electrolyte and electrode and induce homogeneous initial Na deposition. [ 10 ] However, many modification methods such as atomic layer deposition (ALD), and chemical and electrochemical reactions [ 11 ] to build an organic–inorganic composite interface layer are complicated.…”