The prognostic value of the serum albumin level for long‐term prognosis in patients with acute pulmonary embolism

Abstract

Introduction and objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum albumin (SA) level with long‐term prognosis in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Materials and methods We retrospectively enrolled 269 patients with acute PE. The SA level was obtained within 12‐24 hours following admission. The primary endpoints were the incidence of short‐ and long‐term mortality in acute PE patients. The mean duration of the study follow‐up was 21 ± 19 months. Results During the follow‐up period, short‐ and long‐term mortality rates were higher in patients who had low SA level compared to those who did not have. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, the SA level was found to be independently associated with long‐term mortality (HR: 0.47, 95%CI: 0.28‐0.78, P = 0.004). In receiver operating characteristics analysis, the SA level of ≤3.17 predicted long‐term mortality with a sensitivity of 77.5% and a specificity of 79.5% (area under the curve 0.82, 95%CI: 0.76‐0.87, P < 0.001). In addition, when the SA plus simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) risk score compared to the sPESI risk score alone, it produced a net reclassification improvement of 0.22 with P < 0.001, that is a 22% improved classification. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that the low SA level is a strong and independent predictor for long‐term mortality in patients with acute PE.

Predictive Value of Serum Albumin in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

“…2 Until now, several studies have documented the prognostic value of SA in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), ST elevation myocardial infarction, and pulmonary embolism. 3,4 In this research, 1 the authors also concluded that admission SA level was a strong and independent predictor of all-cause long-term mortality in patients with ACS. Although the research 1 was interesting and well-conducted, we have some comments.…”

A new machine learning model for predicting severity prognosis in patients with pulmonary embolism: Study protocol from Wenzhou, China

“…Albumin, which is the most abundant circulating protein in the body and occupies about 50% of the whole protein content in plasma, plays a critical role in the physiological stage of the body, including osmotic effect, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-thrombus formation, antioxidation and carriers of endogenous and exogenous substances (Caraceni et al, 2013;Arroyo et al, 2014;Hoskin et al, 2020). The first study to find that hypoproteinemia is an independent predictor of longterm mortality from acute pulmonary embolism was conducted in 2018 (Tanik et al, 2020). In addition, this also applies to patients with postoperative acute pulmonary embolism (Pan, 2012).…”

Computed Tomography Embolus Texture Analysis as a Prognostic Marker of Acute Pulmonary Embolism

“…31 In a recent study, the importance of serum albumin level for short-term mortality was identified in a retrospective study of 269 patients. 32 The authors proposed possible explanations that low level of serum albumin may result in deficiency of anti-oxidant function in acute PE patients. 32 The imaging modalities echocardiography and CT can provide information regarding right ventricular dysfunction but other reliable prognostic factors are still lacking.…”