The prognostic value of the PCL-R in relation to the SUD treatment ending

Berger, Karlheinz; Rotermund, Peter; Vieth, Elisabeth R.; Hohnhorst, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2012.02.008

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…All offenders have been rated on the Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R, Hare, 1991) by trained and experienced psychologists (mean: 21.5 (7.23), mean factor I: 8.73 (3.34), mean factor II: 10.79 (3.89)). Hartmann et al (2001) argued for a cut-off value of 25 for European studies, which has been applied e.g., by Berger et al (2012). However, a recent study used a lower cut-off score of 21 (Domes et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empathic competencies in violent offenders

Seidel

Pfabigan

Keckeis

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

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Violent offending has often been associated with a lack of empathy, but experimental investigations are rare. The present study aimed at clarifying whether violent offenders show a general empathy deficit or specific deficits regarding the separate subcomponents. To this end, we assessed three core components of empathy (emotion recognition, perspective taking, affective responsiveness) as well as skin conductance response (SCR) in a sample of 30 male violent offenders and 30 healthy male controls. Data analysis revealed reduced accuracy in violent offenders compared to healthy controls only in emotion recognition, and that a high number of violent assaults was associated with decreased accuracy in perspective taking for angry scenes. SCR data showed reduced physiological responses in the offender group specifically for fear and disgust stimuli during emotion recognition and perspective taking. In addition, higher psychopathy scores in the violent offender group were associated with reduced accuracy in affective responsiveness. This is the first study to show that mainly emotion recognition is deficient in violent offenders whereas the other components of empathy are rather unaffected. This divergent impact of violent offending on the subcomponents of empathy suggests that all three empathy components can be targeted by therapeutic interventions separately.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empathic competencies in violent offenders

Seidel

Pfabigan

Keckeis

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

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“…Morrissey et al , 2007), demonstrate higher levels of attrition (e.g. Berger et al , 2012), and obtain less therapeutic gain than their non-psychopathic counterparts (e.g. Chakhssi et al , 2010; Harris and Rice, 2006).…”

Section: How Effective Is Existing Psychological Treatment For Psychopathy?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of psychopathy: a conceptual and empirical review

Lewis

2018

JCRPP

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For decades, psychopathy has been thought to be untreatable. Yet, conceptualisations, and indeed its assessment, have deviated away from viewing the disorder as personality pathology towards a behavioural focus where the core underlying deficits in cognition and affect have been ignored. Interventions have followed suit leading to a premature discounting of the role of therapy in adjusting psychopathic traits. Design/methodology/approach: The review critically evaluates the conceptual and empirical evidence relevant to the treatment of psychopathy, deciphering components integral to the disorder that require intervention. Psychopathy is approached from a developmental perspective, with the review identifying several mechanisms thought to be responsible for precipitating and perpetuating its expression. Findings: There appears some utility in targeting psychopathy from multiple angles, addressing experiences of trauma, associated schemas and the underlying cognitive-affective dysfunction noted to give rise to psychopathic traits. A new model for treatment was proposed integrating these factors in the hope that this will encourage the design of effective interventions that will address the origins and underlying deficits of the disorder, rather than symptomology. Originality/value: The review encourages future research to consider the aetiology of psychopathy, with the aim of informing early intervention and containing the disorder whilst in its infancy, as well as addressing neurobiological dysfunction when most malleable.

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“…In addition to its strong connection to risky activities, psychopathy is a reliable predictor of various externalizing behaviors such as substance use disorders [2,3]. Given that psychopathy has been consistently connected to poor treatment outcomes [4][5][6], understanding its key features and their correlates can inform the development of novel and effective treatment alternatives that can address the main limitations of traditional treatment interventions. Psychopathy has been conceptualized through various theoretical models; one such model is the four-facet model of psychopathy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying distinct profiles of impulsivity for the four facets of psychopathy

West

Psederska

Bozgunov³

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Psychopathy comprises antagonistic personality traits and antisocial behaviors that are associated with critical outcomes for the individual and society (e.g., violent behavior). Since its inception, impulsivity has been theorized as a core feature of psychopathy. Research supports this assertion, yet psychopathy and impulsivity are both multifaceted constructs. As such, the associations commonly observed between psychopathy and impulsivity may obscure more nuanced profiles of impulsivity that are only observable at the facet-level. To address this gap in the literature, we collected data from a community sample using a clinical psychopathy interview along with dispositional and neurobehavioral measures of impulsivity. We regressed each of the four facets of psychopathy onto eight impulsivity variables. We followed these analyses with bootstrapped dominance analyses in order to determine which of the impulsivity variables shared the most variance with each psychopathy facet. Our analyses revealed that positive urgency was the most important aspect of impulsivity to all four facets of psychopathy. We further identified distinct profiles of impulsivity linked to each psychopathy facet–the interpersonal facet was typified by sensation seeking and temporal impulsivity. The affective and lifestyle facets were both typified by general trait impulsivity and affective impulsivity. The antisocial facet was typified by affective impulsivity and sensation seeking. Such distinct profiles of impulsivity suggest that specific behaviors linked with each facet (e.g., manipulativeness and the interpersonal facet) may be explained in part by the distinct forms of impulsivity aligned with them.

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The prognostic value of the PCL-R in relation to the SUD treatment ending

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Empathic competencies in violent offenders

Empathic competencies in violent offenders

Treatment of psychopathy: a conceptual and empirical review

Identifying distinct profiles of impulsivity for the four facets of psychopathy

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