The prognostic value of admission point‐of‐care testing and modified Glasgow Coma Scale score in dogs and cats with traumatic brain injuries (2007–2010): 212 cases

Abstract

Objective To investigate the association between admission point‐of‐care parameters and survival to discharge in dogs and cats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design Retrospective study 2007–2010. Setting A rural university teaching hospital and an urban private practice teaching hospital. Animals One hundred thirty‐one dogs and 81 cats admitted to the emergency service with evidence of head injury based on history from the owner or physical exam. Measurements and Main Results In dogs, nonsurvivors had significantly higher glucose concentrations at admission than survivors (median = 8.49 mmol/L [153 mg/dl] vs 6.83 mmol/L [123 mg/dl], p = 0.039). In cats, there was no significant difference in admission glucose between survivors and nonsurvivors (median = 10.21 mmol/L [184 mg/dl] vs 10.93 mmol/L [197 mg/dl], p = 0.17). Modified Glasgow Coma Scale (MGCS) score was available for 105 of the 131 dogs (80%) and was significantly higher in survivors than in nonsurvivors (median = 16 vs 11, p < 0.0001). MGCS was available for 45 of the 81 cats (56%) and was significantly higher in survivors than in nonsurvivors (median = 17 vs 14, p = 0.0005). The relative prognostic value of the admission point‐of‐care testing parameters and MGCS were assessed using a stepwise linear regression model, which included admission glucose, pH, base excess, sodium, and MGCS. In dogs, only admission glucose was an independent predictor of survival (odds ratio = 1.027, 95% confidence interval, 1.0042–1.05, p = 0.019). Conclusions These results suggest that, as in people with TBI, increased blood glucose concentrations may have prognostic significance in dogs with TBI but not in cats. In addition, MGCS score may be predictive of survival in both dogs and cats with TBI.

Retrospective evaluation of shock index and mortality in dogs with head trauma (2015–2020): 86 cases

“…Cameron et al noted that animals with TBI that did not survive had significantly lower MGCS scores compared to those that did survive. 15 Although this study did not evaluate a population with TBI specifically, it was expected that the findings be similar. The results of the current study may have differed due to its retrospective nature and the lack of completed ATT and MGCS scores at initial presentation.…”

Kraniomaxillofaziales Trauma bei der Katze

“…Die Notfallbehandlung startet mit der Beurteilung, ob sich der Patient in einem Schockzustand befindet. Hierzu ist das internationale ABCDE-Protokoll ein zuverlässiges Instrument 7 , 8 :…”

Extravasation injuries in the intravenous therapy with drugs with properties vesicants and irritants in the veterinary medicine of small animals

“…9,10 The sick animals with sensory deficits (for example in Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome) may not complain of pain associated with extravasation, while patients with altered state of consciousness (for example coma) may not be able to manifest this symptom. 11,12 The administration of chemotherapy drugs in an area previously submitted to radiotherapy can cause reactivation of local skin toxicity and, in sick animals with a history of extravasation resulting from previous pharmacological therapy, a remote inflammatory response can be induced in the older site of the extravasation lesion. 3…”