The Prognostic Impact of Quitting Smoking at or around Diagnosis on the Survival of Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Literature Review

Caini, Saverio; Riccio, Marco Del; Vettori, Virginia; Raimondi, Sara; Assedi, Melania; Vignati, Silvano; Bonaccorsi, Guglielmo; Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia; Bellerba, Federica; Vagnoni, Giulia; Duroni, Giacomo; Gandini, Sara

doi:10.3390/cancers14163857

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…r 2 < 0.01, window = 500 kb). Removal of IVs associated with confounders using the PhenoScanner database (smoking: rs3999544, rs55781567, rs56113850; alcohol consumption: rs17391694; BMI: rs71658797) [ 31 , 32 ]. Ultimately, we identified 20 genetic IVs for overall LC, 10 for LUAD and 15 for LUSC (Additional file 3 : Table S2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis of the genetic association between primary lung cancer and colorectal cancer

Xiao,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

J Transl Med

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Background With the development and popularization of low-dose chest CT technology, the diagnosis and survival rates of patients with early lung cancer (LC) have significantly improved. The occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) as the second primary cancer (SPC) in primary lung cancer (PLC) survivors has become an essential factor affecting the prognosis of early LC. This study explored the potential association between PLC and CRC genetically, laying a foundation for developing SPC-CRC prevention strategies after primary early LC. Methods Based on a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) design, this study systematically screened genetic instrumental variables (IVs) based on the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of PLC and CRC, applied inverse variance weighted (IVW) as the main method to assess the incidence association between the two cancers, and used a variety of other MR methods for supplementary analysis. Finally, the Genetic Risk Scores (GRS) method was used for secondary analysis to verify the results robustness further. Results From LC to CRC forward MR analysis, 20 genetic IVs of overall LC, 15 genetic IVs of squamous cell lung carcinoma (LUSC), and 10 genetic IVs of adenocarcinoma of the lung (LUAD) were screened. In the reverse MR analysis from CRC to LC, 47 genetic IVs for overall CRC, 37 for colon cancer, and 25 for rectal cancer were screened. The IVW method and a variety of MR methods all found that overall LC and CRC were significantly associated at the genetic level. Subgroup analysis also showed that LUSC was associated with CRC. And the results of the GRS method were consistent with those of the main analysis, confirming the robustness of the study. Summary Our MR study found an association between LC and CRC, with an increased risk of SPC-CRC following PLC, especially LUSC. Our study provides an essential basis for the precise prevention of SPC-CRC after PLC, suggesting that we should pay more attention to the population with a history of PLC in clinical work, and pay close attention to the incidence of SPC-CRC, and carry out intervention and treatment as soon as possible.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis of the genetic association between primary lung cancer and colorectal cancer

Xiao,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

J Transl Med

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Tobacco Cessation Interventions in Non-Respiratory Cancers: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Dhumal,

Kelly,

Khadka

et al. 2024

Annals of Behavioral Medicine

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Background Considering the high rates of persistent tobacco use, effective cessation interventions are needed for cancer patients and caregivers. Despite the need, there is a significant lack of research on tobacco cessation, especially for non-respiratory cancers (breast, prostate, colorectal, cervical, and bladder cancer). Purpose The objective was to evaluate tobacco use and tobacco cessation interventions among patients and caregivers for non-respiratory cancers. Methods Randomized controlled trials assessing tobacco cessation interventions were identified. Five electronic databases were searched in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines through July 2023. Studies exclusive to lung, oral, thoracic, and head and neck cancers were excluded. Effect sizes were estimated; risk of bias was assessed. Results Of 3,304 studies, 17 were included. Interventions included behavioral (n = 6), pharmacotherapy (n = 2), and a combination (n = 9) treatment. Eight studies included a health behavior model; mean behavioral change techniques were 5.57. Pooled magnitude of the odds of cessation was positive and significant (odds ratio = 1.24, 95% confidence interval [Lower Limit 1.02, Upper Limit 1.51]) relative to usual care/placebo. Cumulative meta-analysis examined the accumulation of results over-time and demonstrated that studies have been significant since 2020. Two studies included caregivers’ who were involved in the provision of social support. Conclusions Current interventions have the potential to reduce tobacco use in non-respiratory cancers. Results may be beneficial for promoting tobacco cessation among non-respiratory cancers. There is a considerable lack of dyadic interventions for cancer survivors and caregivers; researchers are encouraged to explore dyadic approaches.

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The Prognostic Impact of Quitting Smoking at or around Diagnosis on the Survival of Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Literature Review

Cited by 2 publications

References 40 publications

Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis of the genetic association between primary lung cancer and colorectal cancer

Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis of the genetic association between primary lung cancer and colorectal cancer

Tobacco Cessation Interventions in Non-Respiratory Cancers: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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