The Production of Fuel Oil by Conventional Slow Pyrolysis Using Plastic Waste from a Municipal Landfill

Santaweesuk, Chumsanti; Janyalertadun, Adun

doi:10.18178/ijesd.2017.8.3.941

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Plastics are produced from petroleum derivatives and are composed primarily of hydrocarbons, but also contain additives such as antioxidants, colorants and other stabilizers. 1 Today about 129 million tons of plastics are produced annually all over the world, out of which 77 million tons produced from petroleum. 1 Plastics are non-biodegradable polymers, mostly containing carbon, hydrogen, and a few other elements like nitrogen, chlorine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Today about 129 million tons of plastics are produced annually all over the world, out of which 77 million tons produced from petroleum. 1 Plastics are non-biodegradable polymers, mostly containing carbon, hydrogen, and a few other elements like nitrogen, chlorine. However, some plastics can also be made from renewable materials such as polylactic acid, obtainable from cellulosic materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Different researchers have studied the effect of temperature and the type of reactor on the pyrolysis of waste plastics. 1,3,5,7,[11][12][13] Pyrolysis and catalytic reforming of municipal plastic waste, which comprise of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS), as impurities, are also significant. These impurities were acidic and toxic and led to the easy deactivation of the catalyst in the case of the conversion of municipal plastic waste, which have been compared with the thermal degradation products from municipal plastic waste and model mixed plastics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal conversion of waste plastics into fuel oil

Olufemi¹,

Olagboye²

2017

IPCSE

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As a means of converting abundant waste to wealth, thermal conversion of waste plastics of four different types (low and high density polyethylene (LDPE and HDPE), polypropylene (PP) and mixed plastics) was carried out in a batch reactor made of stainless steel at temperatures between 170 and 3000 0 C under atmospheric pressure. The vapor produced from melting the plastics was condensed to form the liquid hydrocarbon (fuel oil) product. Standards were followed for each of the waste plastics during the production process of the liquid fuel oil. The effect of reaction time and product yield were investigated. The physical properties measured include product density and specific gravity. The liquid products formed were characterized using FT-IR spectrometer (Spectrum 100 Perkin-Elmer). The heat combustion properties of the fuels produced were compared using ASTM D240. Also the API gravity and Sulphur content analysis were carried out using the ASTM D4052 and 4053 respectively. The chemical properties of the liquid product were compared for each of the samples and it was found that they vary from each waste plastic. Each of the liquid products contained low sulfur, but each of them varied from each other.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal conversion of waste plastics into fuel oil

Olufemi¹,

Olagboye²

2017

IPCSE

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“…This strategy is thermal decomposition of waste plastic to fuel oil at temperatures of 400 C-450 C [34,35]. High-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, polystyrene, and polypropylene plastics [7,8,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] can be easily converted to fuel similar in composition to diesel and kerosene by individual entrepreneurs utilizing appropriate technology (AT), providing a potential path to a locally managed decentralized circular economy. AT is simple nonautomated technology requiring little to no electricity, designed for a specific region to meet specific challenges according to available resources [34].…”

Section: A Perspective On a Locally Managed Decentralized Circular Ecmentioning

confidence: 99%

A perspective on a locally managed decentralized circular economy for waste plastic in developing countries

Joshi

Seay

Banadda

2018

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Unsound post‐consumer disposal is the primary pathway of plastic into the ecosystem. One way of addressing this problem is through the establishment of a circular economy for plastic. Much of the unsound disposal comes from economically disadvantaged regions where waste disposal and recycling infrastructure is limited. In economically disadvantaged regions however, the establishment of a circular economy for plastic must be locally managed and decentralized, meaning that the disposal, collection, remanufacture, and use must all occur within the same community. We suggest that waste plastic abatement strategies must be targeted to reduce, reuse, and recycle plastic waste onsite at the local level, initiating a circular economy appropriate for infrastructure limited regions. Technologies for recycling plastic must be low cost, economically viable, socially acceptable, and not adversely impact the environment, and also produce a product that has a ready local market. This is critical because unless proposed solutions are also economically viable and socially appropriate, they are unlikely to be successful, especially in underdeveloped regions. Using big data analysis, a metric for identifying countries that will have the most potential to benefit from a locally managed decentralized circular economy for plastic has been developed. The information obtained from this metric will help researchers and policy makers promote a locally managed decentralized circular economy of plastic for managing the accumulation of waste on land and its eventual migration into waterways. Additionally, we present a case study of a proposed locally managed decentralized waste plastic abatement strategy in the municipal solid waste infrastructure limited country of Uganda. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38: 3–11, 2019

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“…Plastic can be converted to fuel oil in rural and urban regions via the method of thermal decomposition, or pyrolysis. Waste plastic polymers, particularly low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) can be converted into fuel oil through this process [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. An example of such a simple technology has been developed by the University of Kentucky Appropriate Technology and Sustainability (UKATS) research for thermal decomposition of waste plastic in rural regions, known as the UKATS Processor, which is nonautomated, low-cost and easily deployable, encouraging waste plastic management in small-scale solutions around the world [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total generation and combustion emissions of plastic derived fuels: A trash to tank approach

Joshi

Seay

2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Trash to Tank (3T) is a concept based on the conversion of waste plastic trash into a liquid fuel, suitable for use in any diesel or kerosene fuel application. This contribution compares total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from generation and combustion of petroleum derived diesel fuel with plastic derived fuel oil. Generation emissions for diesel are obtained from literature values for well‐to‐tank (WTT) CO2 emissions, while 3T CO2 emissions for plastic are calculated based on a locally managed decentralized circular economy for waste plastic management. Specifically, this analysis applies a novel approach based on local, small‐scale decomposition of waste plastic to fuel in an appropriate technology setting, with consumption of the fuel locally in rural, developing communities to completely remove waste plastic from accumulating in the global ecosystem. Results from 3T CO2 emissions for both the generation and uses of the fuel oil are reported based on a combination of literature review, laboratory experiments and theoretical calculations. Four plastic derived fuels––low‐density polyethylene, high‐density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene––were individually compared with petroleum derived diesel fuel to depict a positive reduction in total CO2 emissions. Hence, this contribution will demonstrate that the 3T approach is a sustainable solution to waste plastic management in developing regions, where mismanaged waste plastic is an ongoing environmental and social challenge. Potential benefits to the global environment, particularly in developing regions, from the use of plastic derived fuels as replacement for petroleum based is additionally discussed in this study. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog

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The Production of Fuel Oil by Conventional Slow Pyrolysis Using Plastic Waste from a Municipal Landfill

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Thermal conversion of waste plastics into fuel oil

Thermal conversion of waste plastics into fuel oil

A perspective on a locally managed decentralized circular economy for waste plastic in developing countries

Total generation and combustion emissions of plastic derived fuels: A trash to tank approach

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