The Production of Carbon Nanofiber on Rubber Fruit Shell-Derived Activated Carbon by Chemical Activation and Hydrothermal Process with Low Temperature

Suhdi,; Wang, Sheng-Chang

doi:10.3390/nano11082038

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…To further explore the graphitization degrees, XRD spectra of the samples were employed to analyze the consequence of the controlled alignment of CB NPs on CNF microstructure. Figure 2e shows two broad peaks at 24 • and 43 • that were analogous to the diffraction planes of (002) and (100) in graphitic carbon [31]. CB-TX@CNF displayed a higher degree of crystallinity at (100) plane than pure CNF because of the well-aligned CB NPs that acted as catalytic points to induce more graphitization all over the structure [32].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Alignment of Carbon Black Nanoparticles in Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers for Flexible Films

Aboalhassan,

Babar,

Iqbal

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Carbon nanofiber (CNF) films or mats have great conductivity and thermal stability and are widely used in different technological processes. Among all the fabrication methods, electrospinning is a simple yet effective technique for preparing CNF mats, but the electrospun CNF mats are often brittle. Here, we report a feasible protocol by which to control the alignment of carbon black nanoparticles (CB NPs) within CNF to enhance the flexibility. The CB NPs (~45 nm) are treated with non-ionic surfactant Triton-X 100 (TX) prior to being blended with a solution containing poly(vinyl butyral) and polyacrylonitrile, followed by electrospinning and then carbonization. The optimized CB-TX@CNF mat has a boosted elongation from 2.25% of pure CNF to 2.49%. On the contrary, the untreated CB loaded in CNF displayed a lower elongation of 1.85% because of the aggregated CB spots created weak joints. The controlled and uniform dispersion of CB NPs helped to scatter the applied bending force in the softness test. This feasible protocol paves the way for using these facile surface-treated CB NPs as a commercial reinforcement for producing flexible CNF films.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Alignment of Carbon Black Nanoparticles in Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers for Flexible Films

Aboalhassan,

Babar,

Iqbal

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…The amorphous carbon hard mask (ACHM) has been applied to the fabrication of semiconductors, replacing the conventional SiO 2 or Si 3 N 4 hard mask due to its excellent physical properties and chemical stability. ACHM can be deposited using a variety of deposition methods, among which the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method has been widely used because of its high productivity, low cost, and tenability in terms of its film properties [5][6][7]. However, experimental studies focusing on the simultaneous optimization of the film step coverage and dry etching characteristics, using different parameters, have rarely been conducted and reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Step Coverage and Dry Etching Process Improvement of Amorphous Carbon Hard Mask

et al. 2021

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Amorphous carbon hard mask (ACHM) films have been widely applied as protective components and hard etching masks in lithography and dry etching processes. The capability of lithography is directly dependent on the step coverage (SC) of the ACHM. Poor SC may impact the protection of device patterns during the etching process and lead to overlay marks occurring in lithography. In this work, the ACHM film processing process is engineered and optimized towards better SC through the comparative study of the C2H2 and C3H6 precursors at different temperatures. Furthermore, a process parameter design of experiment (DOE), with C2H2 as a precursor to optimize the dry etching rate, is proposed. The results of the experiment show that the dry etching performance is enhanced by higher power, temperature and C2H2 flow, and a smaller gap, lower pressure and lower carrier gas flow. A selective etching ratio of SiO2 and SiN, with an improved process window, is obtained. ACHM film elimination process is also validated by characterizing the surface roughness. The demonstrated results can be instructive in terms of the optimization of etching process in future semiconductor manufacturing.

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Effect of synthesized copper oxide nanorods on electrical and thermal properties of compatibilized high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiber nanocomposite films

Ahmad,

Tyagi,

Joshi

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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High‐density polyethylene (HDPE) nanocomposites containing different optimized fractions of carbon nanofiber (CNF) at 6 wt.%, polyethylene glycol (PEG) at 4 wt.%, and copper oxide (CuO) nanorods in concentration ranges of 0.15, 0.5, and 2 wt.% were successfully melt processed using corotating twin extrusion and compression molding technique. The effect of PEG and CuO nanofiller on the HDPE matrix were studied, particularly for the percolation threshold for electrical conductivity, structural morphology, and other properties including thermal stability, thermal conductivity (TC), dielectric, and UV protection properties. It is observed that PEG acts as a good compatibilizer, facilitating better interfacial connection between CNF and HDPE matrix. The optimized composite with 0.15 wt.% CuO nanorods (H/C6/P4/Cu0.15) shows a fine morphology and strong interfacial connections between fillers and the matrix, as observed in FE‐SEM micrographs. This optimized composite exhibits improved thermal stability, higher thermal conductivity (0.0404 W.K−1.m−1), increased dielectric constant, reduced electrical volume resistivity (from 2.1 × 1015 to 2.1 × 106 Ω.cm), and lower optical band gap value (2.74 eV). Additionally, all prepared nanocomposites offer approximately 100% Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) rating for UV protection.Highlights The transformation of insulating HDPE into conducting HDPE composites. The effect of CuO nanorods was investigated in compatibilized HDPE composites. A percolation is achieved in the HDPE composite at 0.15 wt.% of CuO nanorods. PEG and CuO nanorods improved the multifunctional properties of the composite.

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The Production of Carbon Nanofiber on Rubber Fruit Shell-Derived Activated Carbon by Chemical Activation and Hydrothermal Process with Low Temperature

Cited by 12 publications

References 52 publications

Controlled Alignment of Carbon Black Nanoparticles in Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers for Flexible Films

Controlled Alignment of Carbon Black Nanoparticles in Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers for Flexible Films

Step Coverage and Dry Etching Process Improvement of Amorphous Carbon Hard Mask

Effect of synthesized copper oxide nanorods on electrical and thermal properties of compatibilized high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiber nanocomposite films

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